Settled farming
Fields, terraces, orchards and paddies worked year after year. These are the peoples whose sources describe this way of living.
Yao
🇨🇳 China and 3 moreMountain peoples of southern China and Southeast Asia, known for diverse languages and traditions
About 4 million, Hmong-Mien, Tai–Kadai, Sinitic
Mandinka
🇬🇳 Guinea and 9 moreDescendants of the Mali Empire living across West Africa
About 11 million, Mande
ChoctawChahta
🇺🇸 United StatesA Southeastern Woodland people with deep roots in Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Louisiana
About 215,000, Muskogean
ShawneeŠaawanooaki
🇺🇸 United StatesAlgonquian-speaking people now based in Oklahoma, once of the Ohio Valley
About 8,000, Algonquian
NubiansNⲟⲃⲓ̄
🇪🇬 Egypt and 1 moreIndigenous people of the Nile valley between southern Egypt and northern Sudan
About 5 million, Nilo-Saharan (Eastern Sudanic branch)
Lakhmids
🇮🇶 Iraq and 1 moreArab dynasty ruling southern Mesopotamia and northeastern Arabia (3rd–7th century CE)
Historical, Semitic (Arabic, Syriac), Iranian (Middle Persian)
BugisTo Ugi
🇮🇩 Indonesia and 2 moreRice farmers, traders and sailors of South Sulawesi and beyond
About 7 million, Austronesian (South Sulawesi languages)
Nahua
🇲🇽 Mexico and 5 moreLargest Indigenous group in Mexico, speakers of Nahuatl across Mesoamerica
About 2.6 million, Uto-Aztecan
CrowApsáalooke
🇺🇸 United StatesPlains people of southern Montana, known for their horse culture and Crow Fair
About 12,000, Siouan
KiowaǤáuigú
🇺🇸 United StatesHorse-centered Plains nation of southwestern Oklahoma
About 12,000, Tanoan
SoninkeSoninké
🇲🇱 Mali and 10 moreMande-speaking people of West Africa, founders of the ancient Ghana Empire
About 2.8 million, Mande
RyukyuansUchinaanchu
🇯🇵 JapanIndigenous people of the Ryukyu Islands in southern Japan
About 1.4 million, Japonic
Kanak
🇳🇨 New Caledonia and 1 moreIndigenous Melanesians of New Caledonia, known for their culture and independence movement
About 112,000, Austronesian (New Caledonian branch of Oceanic languages)
Lisuꓡꓲ‐ꓢꓴ
🇨🇳 China and 3 moreTibeto-Burman people of the mountains in China, Myanmar, Thailand, and India
About 1.4 million, Tibeto-Burman
Ovambo
🇳🇦 Namibia and 1 moreLargest ethnic group of Namibia, also in southern Angola
About 2.2 million, Bantu