Fishing and the sea
Rivers, reefs, ice and open ocean. These are the peoples whose sources describe this way of living.
OsageWazhazhe
🇺🇸 United StatesIndigenous people of the Great Plains, now based in Oklahoma
About 28,000, Siouan
MakassarTu-Mangkasaraʼ
🇮🇩 Indonesia and 5 moreSeafaring rice farmers and traders of southern Sulawesi, Indonesia
About 2.8 million, Austronesian
Kawésqar
🇨🇱 Chile and 1 moreSeafaring Indigenous people of Chilean Patagonia
About 2,000
CharrúaCharrua
🇺🇾 Uruguay and 2 moreSemi-nomadic Indigenous people of Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil
About 159,000
Udegeудиэ / удиһе
🇷🇺 Russia and 1 moreHunters and fishers of the Ussuri and Amur river regions in Russia
About 2,000, Tungusic
Swedessvear
🇸🇪 SwedenNorth Germanic tribe of Svealand, central Sweden
Historical, North Germanic
UruQhas Qut suñi
🇵🇪 Peru and 1 moreBuilders of floating reed islands on Lake Titicaca
About 5,000, Uru–Chipaya languages, Aymaran, Spanish (Indo-European)
Tocharians of KarasahrĀrśi
🇨🇳 ChinaAncient Indo-European people of Karasahr in the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang
Historical, Indo-European
Latgalians
🇱🇻 LatviaAn ancient Baltic tribe of eastern Latvia, core ancestors of modern Latvians
Historical, Baltic
OmahaUmoⁿhoⁿ
🇺🇸 United StatesPlains tribe of Nebraska and Iowa with a long history of trade and adaptation
About 6,000, Siouan (Dhegihan branch)
Samoanstagata Sāmoa
🇼🇸 Samoa and 11 moreIndigenous Polynesians of the Samoan Islands, united by language and tradition
About 750,000, Polynesian
Danes
🇸🇪 Sweden and 6 moreNorth Germanic tribe who founded Denmark and shaped the Viking Age
Historical, North Germanic
BororoBoe
🇧🇷 Brazil and 1 moreIndigenous people of central Brazil, known for circular villages and matrilineal clans
About 2,000, Borôroan (Macro-Ge)
KayapoMebêngôkre
🇧🇷 BrazilIndigenous people of Brazil's Xingu River basin, known for activism and body art
About 12,000, Jê
TuscaroraSkarù·ręʔ
🇺🇸 United States and 1 moreIroquoian people, sixth nation of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy
About 17,000, Iroquoian
BanjarUrang Banjar
🇮🇩 Indonesia and 4 moreIndigenous people of South Kalimantan, Indonesia, with a rich river-based heritage
About 5.7 million, Austronesian
Sanhaja
🇲🇦 Morocco and 9 moreA historic Berber confederation spread across North and West Africa
Afro-Asiatic
DakotaDakȟóta Oyáte
🇺🇸 United States and 1 moreSioux-speaking people of the northern Plains, with many bands across the US and Canada
About 20,000, Siouan-Catawban
MundurukuWuy Jugu
🇧🇷 BrazilIndigenous people of the Tapajós river basin in the Brazilian Amazon
About 14,000, Tupi
Ho-ChunkHoocąk
🇺🇸 United StatesSiouan-speaking Native people of Wisconsin and Nebraska, known for effigy mounds
About 12,000, Siouan
PicurisP'įwweltha
🇺🇸 United StatesA Tiwa-speaking pueblo in northern New Mexico, known for micaceous pottery
About 83, Kiowa-Tanoan
CaddoHasí꞉nay
🇺🇸 United StatesDescendants of mound builders from the Piney Woods of the southern United States
About 6,000, Caddoan
Mentawaisuku Mentawai
🇮🇩 IndonesiaRainforest islanders of the Mentawai Islands, known for tattoos and Arat Sabulungan beliefs
About 64,000, Austronesian
Oglala LakotaOglála Lakhóta Oyáte
🇺🇸 United StatesLakota people living mainly on Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota
About 47,000, Siouan
Narragansett
🇺🇸 United StatesIndigenous people of Rhode Island, known for their ties to Narragansett Bay
About 3,000, Algonquian
PirahãHíaitíihi
🇧🇷 BrazilHunter-gatherers of the Maici River in the Brazilian Amazon
About 900, Mura
MenomineeMamaceqtaw
🇺🇸 United StatesA Native nation rooted in Wisconsin, known for wild rice and forest stewardship
About 9,000, Algonquian
Betawisuku Betawi
🇮🇩 IndonesiaCreole people of Jakarta with a rich blend of Indonesian and foreign roots
About 7 million, Austronesian
Orang Lautsuku Laut
🇮🇩 Indonesia and 2 moreSeafaring communities of the Riau Islands, Singapore, and the Malay Peninsula
About 420,000, Malayic
Pequot
🇺🇸 United StatesNative people of Connecticut, known for survival and revival after near-destruction
About 2,000, Algonquian
QuapawOgáxpa
🇺🇸 United StatesDhegiha Siouan people from the lower Mississippi and Arkansas River region
About 6,000, Dhegiha Siouan
KawKaáⁿze
🇺🇸 United StatesNative people of Kansas and Oklahoma, known as the "People of the South Wind"
About 4,000, Siouan-Catawban
IowaBáxoje
🇺🇸 United StatesNative people of the Midwest, now in Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma
About 3,000, Siouan-Catawban
AmboneseOrang Ambon
🇮🇩 Indonesia and 4 moreMixed Austronesian-Melanesian people of Ambon and southwest Seram, Maluku, Indonesia
About 1.6 million, Austronesian
HunkpapaHúŋkpapȟa
🇺🇸 United States and 1 moreA Lakota division known for their role at Little Bighorn and life at Standing Rock
About 571, Siouan
Mandarsuku Mandar
🇮🇩 IndonesiaSeafaring and farming people of West Sulawesi, Indonesia
About 1 million, Austronesian (South Sulawesi languages, Malayo-Polynesian br
PassamaquoddyPeskotomuhkati
🇺🇸 United States and 1 moreNative people of Maine and New Brunswick, known for fishing and the Wabanaki Confederacy
About 4,000, Algonquian
Minahasansuku Minahasa
🇮🇩 Indonesia and 7 moreAustronesian people of North Sulawesi, Indonesia, known for their Christian heritage
About 1.4 million, Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian branch)
AsháninkaAshaninka
🇵🇪 Peru and 1 moreIndigenous people of the central Amazonian rainforest of Peru and Brazil
About 99,000, Arawakan
Kalina
🇻🇪 Venezuela and 5 moreIndigenous people of the northern coast of South America
About 45,000, Cariban
Wayana
🇬🇫 French Guiana and 3 moreCarib-speaking people of the Guiana highlands in Brazil, Suriname, and French Guiana
About 2,000, Cariban
AtakapaIshak
🇺🇸 United StatesIndigenous bands of the Gulf Coast in Louisiana and Texas
Historical, Language isolate
SkoltsSäʹmmla / Nuõrttsääʹm
🇫🇮 Finland and 2 moreIndigenous Sámi of the borderlands of Finland, Russia, and Norway
About 1,000, Uralic
Pomo
🇺🇸 United StatesIndigenous people of northern California, known for basketry and diverse languages
About 10,000, Pomoan (Kulanapan)
GorontaloTawu Lo Hulontalo
🇮🇩 IndonesiaThe largest ethnic group of northern Sulawesi, known for kinship and Islamic traditions
About 1.3 million, Austronesian
WayampiWajãpi
🇧🇷 Brazil and 1 moreIndigenous people of the border forests of Brazil and French Guiana
About 2,000, Tupi–Guarani
Wichí
🇦🇷 Argentina and 2 moreIndigenous forest and river people of Argentina and Bolivia
About 56,000, Matacoan
Chitimacha
🇺🇸 United StatesIndigenous people of Louisiana's Atchafalaya Basin with a federally recognized reservation
About 1,000, Language isolate (Chitimacha); others: Indo-European, Romanc