# Kabila > The peoples of the world, one by one. A free, plain-language guide to 575 indigenous and tribal peoples in 178 countries, with lessons, visual explainers, a glossary, answers and quizzes. Published by ClearTrust. Each people page gives: name and self-name, where they live, population, language and language family, way of living, society, beliefs, history, the situation today, a short FAQ and source links. People pages are derived from Wikipedia and Wikidata with AI assistance and may contain mistakes; cite the page URL. ## Browse - [All peoples](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/peoples) - [Countries](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/countries) - [Language families](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/languages) - [Peoples of Africa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/regions/africa) - [Peoples of Asia](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/regions/asia) - [Peoples of Europe](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/regions/europe) - [Peoples of North America](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/regions/north-america) - [Peoples of South America](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/regions/south-america) - [Peoples of Oceania](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/regions/oceania) ## Learn - [Lessons](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn) - [Visual explainers](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/flows) - [Glossary](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary) - [Answers](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers) - [Quizzes](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/quiz) ## For agents - [MCP server](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/mcp): Streamable HTTP, no key needed - [JSON API](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/developers): GET https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/api/v1/ - [Sitemap](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/sitemap.xml) - [How complete the catalogue is](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/coverage) ## Answers ### What is a tribe? A tribe is a group of people who share a name, a sense of common descent, a culture and usually a homeland, and who organise much of their life through kinship instead of through a state. The word has no single agreed definition, and many groups prefer 'people', 'nation' or their own name. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-a-tribe ### What is the difference between a tribe, an ethnic group, an indigenous people and a nation? An ethnic group is any people with a shared identity. A tribe is an ethnic group organised mainly through kinship. An indigenous people is one whose ties to a land predate colonisation or the modern state. A nation is a people who claim the right to govern themselves. One community can be all four. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-the-difference-between-a-tribe-an-ethnic-group-an-indigenous-people-and-a-nation ### Who counts as indigenous, and who decides? There is no official worldwide definition of indigenous. The United Nations relies on self-identification: a people identify themselves as indigenous and are accepted by their own community. Common signs are a link to a land from before colonisation, a distinct language and culture, and a non-dominant position in society. Governments set their own legal rules. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/who-counts-as-indigenous-and-who-decides ### How many indigenous people are there in the world? According to the United Nations, there are about 476 million indigenous people living in some 90 countries. That is roughly 6% of the world's population. The figure is an estimate, because countries count indigenous people in different ways and some do not count them at all. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/how-many-indigenous-people-are-there-in-the-world ### How many tribes are there in the world? Nobody knows the exact number, because there is no agreed definition of a tribe. The United Nations speaks of about 5,000 distinct indigenous cultures or peoples, in some 90 countries. Official lists give firmer national figures: over 700 Scheduled Tribes in India and 574 federally recognised tribes in the United States as of 2024. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/how-many-tribes-are-there-in-the-world ### Where do most indigenous people live? Most indigenous people live in Asia and the Pacific. The International Labour Organization estimates that the region is home to about 70% of the world's 476 million indigenous people. Africa has the next largest share, followed by Latin America and the Caribbean. North America and Europe have much smaller numbers. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/where-do-most-indigenous-people-live ### What is the largest tribe in the world? There is no agreed answer, because 'tribe' has no fixed definition. Among communities officially listed as tribes, the Bhil and the Gond of India are the largest, with about 17 million and 13 million people in the 2011 census. If large ethnic groups are counted, many peoples are far larger. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-the-largest-tribe-in-the-world ### What are the largest tribes in India? The Bhil are the largest Scheduled Tribe in India, with about 17 million people in the 2011 census, followed by the Gond with about 13 million. Other large tribes include the Santal, Mina, Oraon and Munda. Together, Scheduled Tribes numbered about 104 million people, or 8.6% of India's population. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-are-the-largest-tribes-in-india ### What are the largest tribes in Africa? Africa's largest peoples, each numbering in the tens of millions, include the Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo of Nigeria, the Oromo and Amhara of Ethiopia, and the Fulani, who are spread across West Africa. Most scholars call these ethnic groups or peoples instead of tribes, because the word carries colonial baggage in Africa. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-are-the-largest-tribes-in-africa ### What are the largest tribes in the United States? The Navajo Nation and the Cherokee Nation are the two largest tribes in the United States. Each reports several hundred thousand enrolled citizens. In the 2020 census, Cherokee was the most common tribal identity when people of mixed heritage are included, and Navajo was the largest among people reporting one tribe only. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-are-the-largest-tribes-in-the-united-states ### How many Scheduled Tribes are there in India? India has notified over 700 Scheduled Tribes across its states and union territories. The 2011 census counted about 104 million people belonging to Scheduled Tribes, which is 8.6% of the national population. The exact number of tribes changes as parliament adds communities to the lists. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/how-many-scheduled-tribes-are-there-in-india ### What does Scheduled Tribe status mean in India? Scheduled Tribe status means a community is on an official list under India's constitution. Listed communities are entitled to reserved seats in parliament and state assemblies, reserved places in government jobs and education, and special legal protection for their land and customs. The status is a legal category, not a description of a way of life. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-does-scheduled-tribe-status-mean ### What does Adivasi mean? Adivasi means 'original inhabitants'. It is a collective name used by and for many tribal peoples of India, especially in the central and eastern parts of the country. It is a term of identity, not a legal one. The Indian constitution uses the term 'Scheduled Tribes' instead. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-does-adivasi-mean ### How many federally recognised tribes are there in the United States, and what does recognition mean? As of 2024 there were 574 federally recognised tribes in the United States, including more than 220 in Alaska. Federal recognition means the United States government acknowledges a tribe as a self-governing nation, deals with it government to government, and provides certain services and protections. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/how-many-federally-recognised-tribes-are-there-in-the-united-states ### What is the difference between First Nations, Inuit and Métis? First Nations, Inuit and Métis are the three groups of Indigenous peoples recognised in Canada's constitution. First Nations are the many original peoples south of the Arctic. Inuit are the people of the Arctic. Métis are a distinct people who trace their origins to both First Nations and European ancestors. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-the-difference-between-first-nations-inuit-and-metis ### What is the difference between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples? Aboriginal peoples are the first peoples of mainland Australia and Tasmania. Torres Strait Islanders are the first peoples of the islands between the tip of Queensland and Papua New Guinea. They are two distinct groups, each with their own cultures, languages and histories, and each includes many separate communities. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-the-difference-between-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-peoples ### What is an iwi? An iwi is a Māori tribe or nation in Aotearoa New Zealand. It is a large group of people who descend from a common ancestor and are linked to a particular region. Each iwi is made up of smaller groups called hapū, which are in turn made up of extended families called whānau. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-an-iwi ### Do uncontacted tribes still exist, and how many are there? Yes. Well over 100 groups around the world live without peaceful contact with outsiders, according to Survival International and government agencies. Most are in the Amazon rainforest of Brazil and Peru. Others live in Indonesia's part of New Guinea and on North Sentinel Island in India. Exact numbers are unknown. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/do-uncontacted-tribes-still-exist ### Why should uncontacted peoples be left alone? Uncontacted peoples should be left alone for two reasons. Contact can kill them, because they have no immunity to common illnesses such as influenza and measles. And it is their choice: international standards recognise their right to decide for themselves whether and when to make contact. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/why-should-uncontacted-peoples-be-left-alone ### Who are the Sentinelese? The Sentinelese are an indigenous people who live on North Sentinel Island in India's Andaman Islands. They are hunter-gatherers who reject contact with outsiders. Their numbers are unknown, with estimates ranging from about 50 to 200. Indian law forbids anyone from approaching the island. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/who-are-the-sentinelese ### Is the word "tribe" offensive? It depends on who is speaking and where. Many peoples use 'tribe' proudly, and it is an official legal term in India and the United States. Others, especially in Africa, find it loaded with colonial ideas of backwardness. The safest choice is to use a people's own name and follow their preference. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/is-the-word-tribe-offensive ### Why do many peoples have two names? Many peoples have two names because one is their own name for themselves, called an endonym, and the other was given by outsiders, called an exonym. Outsider names often came from neighbours, traders or colonial officials. Today many peoples ask to be known by their own name. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/why-do-many-peoples-have-two-names ### Are there still hunter-gatherers today? Yes. A small number of societies still get much of their food by hunting, fishing and gathering wild plants. They include the Hadza of Tanzania, San groups of southern Africa, forest peoples of the Congo Basin, the Jarawa and Sentinelese of the Andaman Islands, and some peoples of the Amazon and the Arctic. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/are-there-still-hunter-gatherers-today ### Are there still nomads today? Yes. Millions of people still live as nomads or semi-nomads, moving with their herds or with the seasons. They include Mongolian herders, the Nenets of Siberia, Bedouin and Tuareg groups of the deserts, Fulani and Maasai herders in Africa, and pastoral communities of the Himalaya. Estimates of the total vary widely. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/are-there-still-nomads-today ### How do tribes govern themselves? Tribes govern themselves in many ways. Common forms are a council of elders that decides by discussion, a chief who leads with the council's support, assemblies of all adults, and clan or lineage heads. Many tribes today also have written constitutions, elected councils, courts and police, alongside older customs. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/how-do-tribes-govern-themselves ### What does a chief do? A chief leads and speaks for a tribe, clan, band or village. Typical duties are settling disputes, guiding shared decisions, looking after community land and resources, leading ceremonies and dealing with outsiders and governments. How much power a chief has differs greatly from one people to another. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-does-a-chief-do ### What are clans and totems? A clan is a group of families who believe they share a common ancestor. A totem is an animal, plant or natural object that stands for a clan and is treated as its relative or emblem. Together they tell people who their relatives are, whom they may marry and what they must protect. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-are-clans-and-totems ### What is a matrilineal society? A matrilineal society is one in which family membership, and often names and property, pass through the mother's line. Children belong to their mother's clan. Examples include the Khasi and Garo of India, the Minangkabau of Indonesia, the Akan of Ghana, and the Diné (Navajo) and Hopi of the United States. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-a-matrilineal-society ### What is UNDRIP? UNDRIP is the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples. The UN General Assembly adopted it on 13 September 2007. It sets out the minimum standards for the survival, dignity and well-being of indigenous peoples, including rights to self-determination, land, culture, language and consent. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-undrip ### What is ILO Convention 169? ILO Convention 169 is the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, adopted by the International Labour Organization in 1989. It is the main legally binding international treaty on indigenous and tribal peoples' rights. It applies only in countries that ratify it, and about two dozen have done so, most of them in Latin America. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-ilo-convention-169 ### What is free, prior and informed consent (FPIC)? Free, prior and informed consent, or FPIC, is the principle that indigenous peoples must agree before a project or law that affects them or their lands goes ahead. The agreement must be given without pressure, before decisions are made, and with full information. It includes the right to say no. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-free-prior-and-informed-consent ### What are indigenous land rights, and why does land matter so much? Indigenous land rights are the rights of a people to own, use and control the lands and waters they have traditionally lived on. Land matters because it is the source of food and income, the place of ancestors and sacred sites, and the basis of language, law and identity. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/why-does-land-matter-so-much-to-indigenous-peoples ### What is a treaty with indigenous peoples? A treaty is a formal agreement between nations. Colonial powers and later governments signed treaties with indigenous nations, usually to obtain land or peace in return for reserved lands, payments and protected rights. Many were broken, but they remain legally binding documents, and courts continue to enforce them. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-a-treaty-with-indigenous-peoples ### What is a reservation? A reservation is an area of land in the United States set aside for a Native American tribe, by treaty, law or executive order, and governed by that tribe. There are about 326 reservations. The land is usually held in trust by the federal government. In Canada the equivalent is called a reserve. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-a-reservation ### How many languages are endangered, and why are they disappearing? There are about 7,000 living languages, and at least 40% of them are considered endangered, according to the United Nations and Ethnologue. Most are indigenous languages with few speakers. They decline when children stop learning them, usually because schools, jobs and prejudice favour a dominant language. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/how-many-languages-are-endangered ### What is traditional knowledge, and why does it matter for biodiversity? Traditional knowledge is what a people have learned about their land, plants, animals and seasons over many generations. It matters for biodiversity because indigenous peoples look after a large share of the world's remaining natural areas, and their practices often keep forests, grasslands and waters healthy. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-traditional-knowledge-and-why-does-it-matter-for-biodiversity ### How can I visit or learn about indigenous communities respectfully? Go only where you are invited or where the community itself runs the visit. Ask before taking photographs, follow local rules about sacred places, pay fairly, and listen more than you speak. Never try to visit isolated or uncontacted peoples. To learn from home, start with sources produced by the people themselves. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/how-can-i-visit-indigenous-communities-respectfully ### How should I write about indigenous peoples respectfully? Use the name a people use for themselves. Write in the present tense about living societies. Be specific about which people you mean. Avoid words such as primitive, backward, stone age and exotic. Capitalise names of peoples, and check current preferences with the people's own organisations. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/how-should-i-write-about-indigenous-peoples-respectfully ### Which continent has the most indigenous peoples? Asia has the most indigenous people by population. About 70% of the world's 476 million indigenous people live in Asia and the Pacific, according to the International Labour Organization. For the number of distinct peoples and languages, the island of New Guinea and its neighbours stand out as the most diverse region. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/which-continent-has-the-most-indigenous-peoples ### Why does Papua New Guinea have so many languages and peoples? Papua New Guinea has about 840 living languages, more than any other country, according to Ethnologue. The main reasons are very long human settlement, of around 50,000 years, and rugged land. Mountains, swamps and islands kept small communities apart, so each developed its own language and customs. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/why-does-papua-new-guinea-have-so-many-languages ### What is the oldest continuous culture in the world? Aboriginal Australians are widely described as having the oldest continuous living cultures on Earth. Archaeological evidence shows people have lived in Australia for at least 50,000 years, and some sites are dated to about 65,000 years. The San of southern Africa are also often named, on genetic evidence. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-the-oldest-continuous-culture-in-the-world ### Who are the indigenous peoples of the Amazon? The Amazon basin is home to several hundred indigenous peoples, often estimated at around 400, spread across Brazil, Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and French Guiana. They include the Yanomami, Kayapó, Tikuna, Asháninka and Shuar. The region also has most of the world's uncontacted peoples. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/who-are-the-indigenous-peoples-of-the-amazon ### Who are the indigenous peoples of the Arctic? The Arctic is home to more than 40 indigenous peoples. They include the Inuit of Canada, Greenland and Alaska, the Yupik and Iñupiat of Alaska, the Sámi of northern Europe, and the Nenets, Chukchi, Evenki and others of northern Russia. Indigenous people are about a tenth of the Arctic's roughly four million residents. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/who-are-the-indigenous-peoples-of-the-arctic ### Who are the pastoralist peoples of Africa? Africa's pastoralists are peoples who live mainly by herding cattle, camels, sheep and goats. They include the Fulani of West Africa, the Tuareg of the Sahara, the Maasai, Samburu and Turkana of East Africa, the Somali and Afar of the Horn, the Nuer and Dinka of South Sudan, and the Himba of Namibia. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/who-are-the-pastoralist-peoples-of-africa ### Who are the Sámi? The Sámi are the indigenous people of northern Norway, Sweden and Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. Their homeland is called Sápmi. Estimates of their number vary, commonly between 80,000 and 100,000, with the largest population in Norway. They are known for reindeer herding, though most Sámi do other work. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/who-are-the-sami ### Do Native Americans pay taxes and vote in the United States? Yes. Native Americans are United States citizens. They can vote in tribal, state and federal elections, and they pay federal income tax like other citizens. Some limited exemptions exist: for example, states generally cannot tax the income a tribal member earns on their own tribe's reservation while living there. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/do-native-americans-pay-taxes-and-vote ### Do tribal people in India pay taxes and vote? Yes. Members of Scheduled Tribes are full citizens of India. They vote in all elections, and seats are reserved for them in parliament and state assemblies. They pay taxes like other citizens, with one notable exception: an income tax exemption for Scheduled Tribe members living in certain north-eastern areas and Ladakh. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/do-scheduled-tribes-in-india-pay-taxes-and-vote ### What happened in residential schools? Residential schools were boarding schools where indigenous children were sent, often by force, to be separated from their families, languages and cultures. In Canada more than 150,000 children attended them between the 1880s and the 1990s. Many suffered neglect and abuse, and thousands died. Similar schools operated in the United States and elsewhere. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-happened-in-residential-schools ### What is the International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples? The International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples is observed every year on 9 August. The United Nations General Assembly created it in December 1994. The date marks the first meeting, in 1982, of the UN Working Group on Indigenous Populations. It raises awareness of indigenous peoples' rights and contributions. https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/answers/what-is-the-international-day-of-the-worlds-indigenous-peoples ## Glossary - **Tribe**: A group of people who share a name, a sense of common descent, a culture and usually a homeland, and who organise much of life through kinship. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/tribe) - **Indigenous people**: A people descended from those who lived in a place before colonisers or a modern state arrived, and who keep a distinct identity. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/indigenous-people) - **Tribal people**: A people whose social, cultural and economic life sets them apart from the wider nation and who follow their own customs or laws. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/tribal-people) - **Ethnic group**: A group of people who see themselves as sharing ancestry, history, language or culture, whatever their size or political status. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ethnic-group) - **Nation**: A people with a shared identity and a claim to govern themselves. Many indigenous peoples call themselves nations. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/nation) - **Band**: A small group of families who live and move together. In Canada it is also the legal name for a First Nation community. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/band) - **Clan**: A group of families who believe they descend from the same ancestor, even if they cannot trace every link. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/clan) - **Lineage**: A group of relatives who can trace, step by step, their descent from one known ancestor. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/lineage) - **Moiety**: One of two halves into which a whole society is divided, each person belonging to one half from birth. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/moiety) - **Phratry**: A group of several clans that treat one another as related and often act together. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/phratry) - **Chiefdom**: A society of many villages or communities led by a chief whose office is permanent and usually inherited. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/chiefdom) - **Confederacy**: A lasting alliance of separate peoples or nations who agree to act together while each keeps its own government. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/confederacy) - **Kinship**: The web of family relationships, by birth, marriage or adoption, that tells people who they are to one another. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/kinship) - **Endonym**: The name a people use for themselves, their language or their land, in their own language. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/endonym) - **Exonym**: A name given to a people, language or place by outsiders, different from the name the people use themselves. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/exonym) - **Autonym**: Another word for endonym: the name a people call themselves. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/autonym) - **Ethnonym**: Any name for a people or ethnic group, whether given by the people themselves or by outsiders. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ethnonym) - **Homeland**: The land a people regard as their place of origin and belonging, whether or not a state recognises it as theirs. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/homeland) - **Territory**: An area of land and water that a people use, look after and claim, or that a state has set aside for them. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/territory) - **Chief**: A recognised leader of a tribe, clan, band or village. The role may be inherited, earned or elected. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/chief) - **Country**: In Aboriginal Australia, the land, waters and sky a person belongs to and is responsible for. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/country) - **Matrilineal**: Tracing family membership, names or inheritance through the mother's line. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/matrilineal) - **Patrilineal**: Tracing family membership, names or inheritance through the father's line. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/patrilineal) - **Bilateral descent**: Counting relatives on the mother's side and the father's side as equally one's own family. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/bilateral-descent) - **Matrilocal**: A custom in which a married couple lives with or near the wife's family. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/matrilocal) - **Patrilocal**: A custom in which a married couple lives with or near the husband's family. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/patrilocal) - **Exogamy**: A rule that a person must marry someone from outside their own group, such as their clan or village. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/exogamy) - **Endogamy**: A custom or rule of marrying within one's own group, such as the same tribe, caste or religion. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/endogamy) - **Bridewealth**: Gifts of livestock, goods or money from the groom's family to the bride's family to seal a marriage. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/bridewealth) - **Dowry**: Money, goods or property that the bride's family gives to the bride, the groom or his family at marriage. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/dowry) - **Totem**: An animal, plant or natural thing that stands for a clan or family and is treated as its relative or emblem. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/totem) - **Age set**: A named group of people of about the same age who pass through the stages of life together. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/age-set) - **Initiation**: A ceremony that marks a person's move from one stage of life to another, most often from childhood to adulthood. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/initiation) - **Elder**: An older person respected by the community for their knowledge, experience and judgement. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/elder) - **Council of elders**: A group of senior members of a community who meet to make decisions and settle disputes. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/council-of-elders) - **Hunter-gatherer**: A person or society that lives mainly by hunting, fishing and collecting wild plants, not by farming or herding. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/hunter-gatherer) - **Forager**: Another word for hunter-gatherer: someone who lives on wild foods that are hunted, fished or collected. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/forager) - **Pastoralism**: A way of life based on herding animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, camels, yaks or reindeer. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/pastoralism) - **Nomad**: A person or group with no single fixed home, who moves from place to place as a way of life. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/nomad) - **Transhumance**: Moving livestock between fixed summer and winter pastures each year, usually up and down mountains. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/transhumance) - **Shifting cultivation**: Farming in which a plot is cleared, cropped for a few years, then left to regrow while the farmer moves to another plot. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/shifting-cultivation) - **Swidden**: A field cleared from forest by cutting and burning for temporary farming. Also a name for shifting cultivation. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/swidden) - **Horticulture**: In anthropology, small-scale growing of crops in gardens with hand tools, without ploughs or large irrigation. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/horticulture) - **Subsistence**: Producing food and goods mainly for one's own family and community to use, not to sell for profit. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/subsistence) - **Reindeer herding**: Keeping herds of semi-tame reindeer for meat, hides and transport, practised by many peoples of the Arctic. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/reindeer-herding) - **Commons**: Land, water, forest or pasture that a community owns and manages together instead of dividing among individuals. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/commons) - **Animism**: The view that animals, plants, rivers, mountains and other parts of nature have spirit or personhood. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/animism) - **Shaman**: A person believed able to contact the spirit world, often in a trance, to heal, guide or protect the community. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/shaman) - **Ancestor veneration**: Honouring dead family members, in the belief that they still care about and influence the living. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ancestor-veneration) - **Oral tradition**: Knowledge, history, law and stories passed from one generation to the next by speaking, singing or reciting. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/oral-tradition) - **Origin story**: A sacred account of how the world, a people or their land came to be. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/origin-story) - **Sacred site**: A place of deep religious or spiritual meaning to a people, such as a mountain, grove, spring or burial ground. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/sacred-site) - **Taboo**: A strong rule that forbids touching, saying, eating or doing something because it is sacred or dangerous. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/taboo) - **Traditional ecological knowledge**: What a people know about their land, plants, animals and seasons, built up and tested over many generations. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/traditional-ecological-knowledge) - **Intangible cultural heritage**: Living traditions that are passed on, such as songs, dances, crafts, rituals, festivals and knowledge of nature. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/intangible-cultural-heritage) - **Ethnobotany**: The study of how a people know, name and use plants for food, medicine, building, craft and ceremony. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ethnobotany) - **Language family**: A group of languages that all descend from one older language spoken long ago. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/language-family) - **Language isolate**: A language with no known relatives, belonging to no larger language family. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/language-isolate) - **Endangered language**: A language at risk of falling silent because children are no longer learning it at home. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/endangered-language) - **Dialect**: A regional or social form of a language, with its own words, sounds and grammar, that other speakers can mostly understand. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/dialect) - **Lingua franca**: A common language used between people who do not share a mother tongue. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/lingua-franca) - **Language revitalisation**: Organised efforts by a community to bring a declining language back into daily use. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/language-revitalisation) - **Mother tongue**: The language a person learns first at home as a child. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/mother-tongue) - **UNDRIP**: The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, adopted in 2007 as a global standard. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/undrip) - **ILO Convention 169**: A binding international treaty of 1989 on the rights of indigenous and tribal peoples, for countries that ratify it. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ilo-convention-169) - **Free, prior and informed consent**: The principle that a people must agree, freely and with full information, before a project affecting them or their land begins. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/free-prior-and-informed-consent) - **Self-determination**: The right of a people to decide their own political status and to run their own economic, social and cultural affairs. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/self-determination) - **Sovereignty**: The authority of a people to govern themselves, make their own laws and manage their own territory. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/sovereignty) - **Treaty**: A formal agreement between nations. Many states signed treaties with indigenous nations over land, peace and rights. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/treaty) - **Land rights**: The legal right of a people to own, use and control the lands and waters they have traditionally lived on. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/land-rights) - **Customary law**: The unwritten rules a community has long followed and accepts as binding, covering matters such as marriage, land and disputes. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/customary-law) - **Native title**: Legal recognition that an indigenous people's rights to land, under their own laws, survived colonisation. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/native-title) - **Reservation**: In the United States, land set aside for a tribe by treaty or federal action and governed by that tribe. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/reservation) - **Reserve**: In Canada, land held by the Crown and set apart for the use of a First Nation. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/reserve) - **Federal recognition**: The United States government's formal acknowledgement that a tribe is a self-governing nation with a direct relationship to it. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/federal-recognition) - **Scheduled Tribe**: A community officially listed as a tribe under India's constitution, which entitles it to special protections. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/scheduled-tribe) - **Adivasi**: A collective name, meaning 'original inhabitants', used by and for many tribal peoples of India. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/adivasi) - **Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Group**: An official Indian category for Scheduled Tribe communities judged most at risk, which receive extra support. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/particularly-vulnerable-tribal-group) - **Fifth Schedule**: A part of India's constitution that gives special protection to tribal-majority areas in ten states. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/fifth-schedule) - **Sixth Schedule**: A part of India's constitution that sets up self-governing tribal councils in parts of four north-eastern states. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/sixth-schedule) - **PESA Act**: A 1996 Indian law that gives village assemblies in Fifth Schedule areas power over local resources and decisions. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/pesa-act) - **Forest Rights Act**: A 2006 Indian law that recognises the rights of tribal and other forest-dwelling people to the forest land they live on and use. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/forest-rights-act) - **Gram sabha**: In India, the assembly of all adult residents of a village, which holds decision-making power under several laws. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/gram-sabha) - **First Nations**: The indigenous peoples of Canada who are neither Inuit nor Métis. There are more than 630 First Nations. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/first-nations) - **Métis**: A distinct indigenous people of Canada who trace their origins to both First Nations and European ancestors. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/metis) - **Inuit**: The indigenous people of the Arctic regions of Canada, Greenland and Alaska. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/inuit) - **Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples**: The two broad groups of indigenous peoples of Australia: those of the mainland and Tasmania, and those of the Torres Strait Islands. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-peoples) - **Iwi**: A Māori tribe or nation: a large group of people descended from a common ancestor. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/iwi) - **Hapū**: A Māori clan or sub-tribe: a group of extended families within an iwi. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/hapu) - **Māori**: The indigenous Polynesian people of Aotearoa New Zealand. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/maori) - **Treaty of Waitangi**: The 1840 agreement between the British Crown and Māori chiefs, regarded as New Zealand's founding document. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/treaty-of-waitangi) - **Native American**: A member of any of the indigenous peoples of the United States, especially of the lower 48 states. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/native-american) - **Alaska Native**: A member of any of the indigenous peoples of Alaska, including Iñupiat, Yup'ik, Unangax̂, Tlingit, Haida and Athabascan peoples. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/alaska-native) - **Sámi**: The indigenous people of the far north of Norway, Sweden and Finland and the Kola Peninsula of Russia. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/sami) - **Sámi parliament**: An elected body that represents the Sámi people. Norway, Sweden and Finland each have one. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/sami-parliament) - **Ancestral domain**: All the land, waters and resources a people have held and used since before living memory. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ancestral-domain) - **Terra nullius**: A Latin phrase meaning 'land belonging to no one', once used to justify taking indigenous lands without treaty or payment. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/terra-nullius) - **Doctrine of discovery**: An old legal idea that European Christian powers gained rights over lands they 'discovered', whoever already lived there. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/doctrine-of-discovery) - **Repatriation**: The return of human remains, sacred objects and cultural treasures from museums and collections to the peoples they came from. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/repatriation) - **Cultural appropriation**: Taking designs, symbols, dress or knowledge from a people without permission, credit or understanding, often for profit. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/cultural-appropriation) - **Assimilation**: The absorbing of a minority people into the majority culture, so that their own language and customs fade or are suppressed. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/assimilation) - **Residential school**: A boarding school, run by a government or church, where indigenous children were sent to be separated from their culture. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/residential-school) - **Displacement**: Being forced to leave one's home or land, whether by governments, companies, conflict, conservation projects or disasters. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/displacement) - **Land grab**: The taking of large areas of land from the communities who use it, often without fair consent or compensation. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/land-grab) - **Uncontacted peoples**: Peoples who have no peaceful, ongoing contact with the wider society around them. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/uncontacted-peoples) - **Voluntary isolation**: The term used by the United Nations for peoples who choose to avoid contact with outsiders. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/voluntary-isolation) - **First contact**: The first meeting between a previously isolated people and outsiders. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/first-contact) - **Ethnocide**: The deliberate destruction of a people's culture, language and identity, without necessarily killing the people. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ethnocide) - **Census**: An official count of a country's population. How it asks about identity shapes how many indigenous people are recorded. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/census) - **Self-identification**: The principle that a person or group decides for themselves whether they are indigenous or tribal. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/self-identification) - **UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues**: The United Nations advisory body on indigenous matters, which meets each year in New York. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/un-permanent-forum-on-indigenous-issues) - **Anthropology**: The study of human beings: their societies, cultures, languages, bodies and past. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/anthropology) - **Ethnography**: A detailed, first-hand description of the way of life of one community, or the research method used to produce it. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ethnography) - **Ethnology**: The comparative study of different peoples and cultures, looking for patterns, similarities and differences. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ethnology) - **Fieldwork**: Research done by living among the people being studied, watching, listening and taking part in daily life. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/fieldwork) - **Cultural relativism**: The principle of understanding a people's beliefs and customs in their own terms, not judging them by one's own culture. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/cultural-relativism) - **Ethnocentrism**: Judging other cultures by the standards of one's own, and assuming one's own way is the normal or best one. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/ethnocentrism) - **Material culture**: The physical things a people make and use, such as tools, houses, clothing, art and ornaments. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/material-culture) - **Diaspora**: Members of a people who live away from their homeland but keep a tie to it and to one another. (https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/glossary/diaspora) ## Lessons - [What is a tribe?](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/what-is-a-tribe): The word tribe is used every day, yet it has no single agreed meaning. By the end you will know what people usually mean by it, why some reject it, and what to say instead. - [Indigenous, tribal, ethnic group, nation: what the words mean and who decides](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/indigenous-tribal-ethnic-group-nation): Four words are often used as if they meant the same thing. You will learn how they differ, and why the right to name yourself sits at the centre of the answer. - [Why peoples have two names: endonym and exonym](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/why-peoples-have-two-names): Many peoples are known to the world by a name that outsiders gave them. You will learn the two kinds of name, why the difference matters, and how names are being corrected. - [How many peoples there are and where they live](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/how-many-peoples-and-where): You will get a sense of the scale: how many indigenous and tribal people there are, which regions they live in, and why every figure is an estimate. - [How to read and write about peoples respectfully](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/reading-and-writing-respectfully): Words shape how people are seen and treated. You will learn a short set of habits that make your reading sharper and your writing fair and accurate. - [Bands, clans, tribes and confederacies](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/bands-clans-tribes-and-confederacies): Societies are built from smaller groups nested inside larger ones. You will learn the main building blocks, what each one does, and why the old ladder of social types should be handled with care. - [Kinship and descent](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/kinship-and-descent): Kinship is the map of who is related to whom, and it organises far more of life than most city dwellers expect. You will learn how descent is traced and why an uncle can matter as much as a father. - [Marriage, family and belonging](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/marriage-family-and-belonging): Marriage joins families and clans as well as two individuals. You will learn the main rules that govern who marries whom, what is exchanged, where a couple lives, and how a person comes to belong. - [How peoples govern themselves: elders, chiefs, councils and customary law](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/how-peoples-govern-themselves): Every society has ways of making decisions and settling disputes. You will learn the main forms of leadership, how councils work, and what customary law is. - [Growing up: age sets and initiation](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/growing-up-age-sets-and-initiation): Many societies mark the passage from child to adult with a formal rite, and some organise the whole of life into age groups. You will learn what initiation does and how age sets work. - [Hunter-gatherers](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/hunter-gatherers): For most of human history everyone lived by hunting, fishing and gathering wild foods. You will learn how this way of life works, who practises it today, and what is often misunderstood about it. - [Pastoralists and nomads](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/pastoralists-and-nomads): Pastoralists live by herding animals across land that is too dry, cold or steep to farm. You will learn why they move, how the yearly cycle works, and what threatens it. - [Shifting cultivators and farmers](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/shifting-cultivators-and-farmers): Indigenous farmers developed many of the crops and methods that feed the world. You will learn how shifting cultivation works, why it is often misjudged, and what other farming systems peoples have built. - [Fishing and sea peoples](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/fishing-and-sea-peoples): Some peoples live more on water than on land. You will meet sea nomads, river and lake fishers and ocean navigators, and learn how they know and govern the waters they depend on. - [Life in the Arctic](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/life-in-the-arctic): People have lived around the top of the world for thousands of years. You will meet the main Arctic peoples and learn how they live with cold, ice and long seasons of dark and light. - [Forest peoples and biodiversity](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/forest-peoples-and-biodiversity): Much of the world's remaining forest is home to indigenous and tribal peoples. You will learn how forest peoples live, why their lands are often in better condition than others, and what that means for conservation. - [Oral tradition and memory](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/oral-tradition-and-memory): Most peoples in history kept their knowledge without writing. You will learn how oral tradition works, how reliable it can be, and what tools help memory. - [Language families, isolates and endangered languages](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/language-families-isolates-and-endangered-languages): Most of the world's languages are spoken by small indigenous communities, and many are at risk. You will learn how languages are related, what an isolate is, and how a language becomes endangered. - [Belief, ritual and sacred places](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/belief-ritual-and-sacred-places): Indigenous religions are many and varied, but several themes recur. You will learn the key ideas, the terms scholars use for them, and why sacred places matter so much. - [Art, craft, music and dress](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/art-craft-music-and-dress): Art in indigenous societies is rarely decoration alone. You will learn what designs can mean, meet well-known traditions from each continent, and understand the debate over who may use them. - [Traditional ecological knowledge](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/traditional-ecological-knowledge): Peoples who have lived in one place for many generations know it in great depth. You will learn what traditional ecological knowledge is, how it works with science, and who should benefit from it. - [A short history: from contact and colonisation to self-determination](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/from-contact-to-self-determination): The position of indigenous peoples today makes sense only in the light of the past five centuries. You will follow the common arc from independence, through colonisation, to the modern movement for rights. - [UNDRIP and ILO Convention 169](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/undrip-and-ilo-169): Two international documents set out the rights of indigenous peoples. You will learn what each says, how they differ, and what force they have. - [Land, treaties and title](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/land-treaties-and-title): Land is the foundation of almost every indigenous claim. You will learn how peoples hold land, what treaties and title are, and how a claim travels through the legal system. - [Free, prior and informed consent](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/free-prior-and-informed-consent): Free, prior and informed consent is the principle that a people must agree before a project affects its land or life. You will learn what each word requires and how the principle works in practice. - [Recognition around the world](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/recognition-around-the-world): Each country has its own way of deciding which peoples it recognises and what follows from that. You will tour six systems and learn what recognition gives and what it leaves out. - [Uncontacted peoples and voluntary isolation](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/uncontacted-peoples-and-voluntary-isolation): A small number of peoples avoid all contact with the outside world. You will learn who they are, why they stay apart, and why the accepted policy is to leave them alone. - [Cities, migration and identity now](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/cities-migration-and-identity-now): A large share of indigenous people now live in towns and cities. You will learn why they moved, how identity is kept up far from the homeland, and how belonging is argued over. - [Climate change on the front line](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/climate-change-on-the-front-line): Indigenous peoples have done little to cause climate change, yet they are among the first to feel it. You will learn how it affects different regions and what communities are doing in response. - [Language and cultural revival](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/language-and-cultural-revival): Across the world, communities are bringing back languages and customs that were suppressed. You will learn the methods that work and meet some of the best-known revivals. - [How to visit, support and learn respectfully](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/learn/how-to-visit-support-and-learn-respectfully): Interest in indigenous peoples can help or harm, depending on how it is acted on. You will learn practical rules for visiting, buying, giving and continuing to learn. ## Peoples - [Jews](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/jews), Israel: An ethnoreligious group with ancient roots in Israel and a global presence today - [Kurds](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kurds), Turkey: Indigenous Iranic people of Kurdistan, spanning Turkey, Iran, Iraq, and Syria - [Uyghurs](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/uyghurs), China: A Turkic people of Xinjiang, China, with deep roots in Central Asia - [Berbers](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/berbers), Morocco: Indigenous peoples of North Africa with deep roots in the Maghreb - [Sámi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sami), Norway: Indigenous reindeer herders and fishers of northern Fennoscandia and Russia - [Mapuche](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mapuche), Chile: Indigenous people of south-central Chile and southwestern Argentina - [Palestinians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/palestinians), Palestine: An Arab people native to Palestine, with a large diaspora worldwide - [Chechens](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chechens), Russia: A Northeast Caucasian people rooted in Chechnya and the North Caucasus - [Zulu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/zulu), South Africa: Largest ethnic group in South Africa, known for beadwork and the Umhlanga ceremony - [Assyrians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/assyrians), Iraq: An indigenous Christian people of northern Mesopotamia, speaking Neo-Aramaic. - [Rohingya](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rohingya), Bangladesh: A stateless Muslim community from Rakhine State, Myanmar, now mostly displaced - [Maasai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/maasai), Kenya: Pastoralists of Kenya and Tanzania known for cattle herding and vibrant culture - [Inuit](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/inuit), Canada: Indigenous Arctic people of Greenland, Canada, Alaska, and Chukotka - [Quraysh](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/quraysh), Saudi Arabia: Merchant Arab tribe of Mecca, central in early Islamic history - [Apache](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/apache), United States: Southern Athabaskan-speaking peoples of the US Southwest and northern Mexico - [Bashkirs](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bashkirs), Russia: Turkic-speaking people of the southern Urals, mainly in Bashkortostan, Russia - [Sherpa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sherpa), Nepal: Mountain people of the Himalayas, renowned for guiding climbers - [Yoruba](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yoruba), Nigeria: A major West African people rooted in Nigeria, Benin, and Togo - [Fulani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/fula), Nigeria: Cattle herders and farmers spread across West and Central Africa - [Malays](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/malays), Malaysia: Austronesian people of the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo and nearby islands - [Navajo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/navajo), United States: Largest Native nation in the US Southwest, known for weaving and resilience - [Yakuts](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yakuts), Russia: Turkic-speaking people of the Sakha Republic in northern Siberia - [Bedouin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bedouin), Saudi Arabia: Nomadic and semi-nomadic Arab tribes of deserts from Arabia to North Africa - [Avars](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/avars), Russia: Highland people of Dagestan and the North Caucasus - [San](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/san), Namibia: Indigenous hunter-gatherers of southern Africa with ancient roots - [Gagauz](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/gagauz), Moldova: A Turkic-speaking Orthodox Christian people of southern Moldova and Ukraine - [Safavid dynasty](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/safavid-dynasty), Iran: Ruling dynasty of Iran from 1501 to 1736, founders of Shia state religion - [Maya](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/maya), Guatemala: Indigenous peoples of Mesoamerica with deep roots in Guatemala and Mexico - [Mari](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mari), Russia: Finno-Ugric people of the Volga and Kama rivers, Russia - [Udmurts](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/udmurts), Russia: Finno-Ugric people of Udmurtia and the Volga-Ural region - [Igbo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/igbo), Nigeria: A major ethnic group of southeastern Nigeria with a rich history and diaspora - [Hausa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/hausa), Nigeria: A major West African people of the Sahel and savanna, known for trade and Islamic heritage - [Israelites](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/israelites), Israel: Ancient Semitic-speaking people of Canaan, known for their tribal confederation - [Sentinelese](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sentinelese), India: Hunter-gatherers living in isolation on North Sentinel Island, India - [Rusyns](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rusyns), Ukraine: East Slavic people native to the Carpathian Mountains - [Quechua](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/quechua), Peru: Indigenous farmers and herders of the Andes, speaking Quechua languages - [Somalis](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/somalis), Somalia: Pastoral and trading people native to the Horn of Africa - [Rajput](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rajput), India: Patrilineal clans with a history of warriorhood in northern and western India - [Toltec](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/toltec), Mexico: Builders of Tula, influential in central Mexico's Postclassic era - [Karelians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/karelians), Russia: Indigenous Finnic people of Karelia, now in Russia and Finland - [Comanche](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/comanche), United States: Horse-centered Plains people of Oklahoma and the Southern Plains - [Aymara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/aymara), Bolivia: Indigenous people of the Andes and Altiplano in South America - [Abazins](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/abazins), Russia: Northwest Caucasian people now living in Russia, Turkey, and the Middle East - [Pygmy peoples](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pygmy), Democratic Republic of the Congo: Short-statured hunter-gatherer groups of the Congo Basin and Central Africa - [Afar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/afar), Ethiopia: Nomadic herders of the Horn of Africa's deserts and coasts - [Abbasids](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/abbasid-dynasty), Iraq: Arab dynasty that ruled the Abbasid Caliphate from 750 to 1258 - [Oromo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/oromo), Ethiopia: Cushitic-speaking people of Ethiopia and Kenya, known for the gadaa system - [Khoikhoi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/khoekhoe), South Africa: Pastoralist indigenous people of Southern Africa, known for herding and clan traditions - [Kikuyu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kikuyu), Kenya: Largest ethnic group of Kenya's central highlands, known for farming and rich traditions - [Twelve Tribes of Israel](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/twelve-tribes-of-israel), Israel: Ancient tribal confederation of the biblical Israelites in Canaan - [Old Prussians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/old-prussians), Poland: A Baltic people of the southeastern Baltic coast, known for Old Prussian language and beliefs - [Crimean Karaites](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/crimean-karaites), Ukraine: A Turkic-speaking Karaite Jewish community native to Crimea and Eastern Europe - [Amhara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/amhara), Ethiopia: Semitic-speaking people of Ethiopia's north and central highlands - [Taíno](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/taino), Puerto Rico: Indigenous people of the Greater Antilles and Bahamas, with a living cultural legacy - [Santal](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/santal), India: A large Munda-speaking community of eastern India and neighboring countries - [Minangkabau](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/minangkabau), Indonesia: Matrilineal Muslim society from the highlands of West Sumatra - [Dogon](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/dogon), Mali: Mask dances, sculpture, and tradition in Mali's Bandiagara cliffs - [Sundanese](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sundanese), Indonesia: The native people of western Java, Indonesia, known for their language and traditions - [Yao](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yao), China: Mountain peoples of southern China and Southeast Asia, known for diverse languages and traditions - [Guarani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/guarani), Paraguay: Indigenous people of Paraguay, Argentina, Brazil, and Bolivia, known for their language and myths - [Beta Israel](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/beta-israel), Israel: Jewish community with roots in northern Ethiopia, now mostly in Israel - [Mandinka](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mandinka), Guinea: Descendants of the Mali Empire living across West Africa - [Kalinago](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kalinago), Dominica: Indigenous people of the Lesser Antilles, mainly in Dominica and Saint Vincent - [Choctaw](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/choctaw), United States: A Southeastern Woodland people with deep roots in Mississippi, Oklahoma, and Louisiana - [Wolof](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/wolof), Senegal: Largest ethnic group of Senegal, with deep roots in the Senegambia region - [Ansar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ansar), Saudi Arabia: Supporters of Muhammad from Medina's Banu Aws and Banu Khazraj tribes - [Sabaeans](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sabaeans), Yemen: Ancient South Arabian people of the kingdom of Sheba in Yemen - [Shawnee](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/shawnee), United States: Algonquian-speaking people now based in Oklahoma, once of the Ohio Valley - [Setos](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/setos), Estonia: Finnic people of Setomaa, known for leelo singing and Orthodox faith - [Shona](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/shona), Zimbabwe: The largest Bantu-speaking group of Zimbabwe, known for stone sculpture and mbira music - [Himba](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/himba), Namibia: Semi-nomadic pastoralists of northern Namibia and southern Angola - [Nubians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/nubians), Egypt: Indigenous people of the Nile valley between southern Egypt and northern Sudan - [Lakhmids](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/lakhmid-kingdom), Iraq: Arab dynasty ruling southern Mesopotamia and northeastern Arabia (3rd–7th century CE) - [Arapaho](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/arapaho), United States: Plains Algonquian people now in Wyoming and Oklahoma - [Mossi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mossi), Burkina Faso: Largest ethnic group of Burkina Faso, known for their kingdoms and Mooré language - [Bugis](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bugis), Indonesia: Rice farmers, traders and sailors of South Sulawesi and beyond - [Yanomami](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yanomami), Brazil: Rainforest horticulturalists of northern Brazil and southern Venezuela - [Zuni](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/zuni), United States: Pueblo people of the Zuni River valley in western New Mexico - [Votians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/votians), Russia: Finnic people native to Ingria in northwestern Russia - [Swazi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/swazi), Eswatini: Nguni-speaking people of Eswatini and South Africa, led by twin monarchs - [Tribe of Judah](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-judah), Israel: A leading tribe of ancient Israel, centered in southern Judea - [Nahua](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/nahuas), Mexico: Largest Indigenous group in Mexico, speakers of Nahuatl across Mesoamerica - [Shoshone](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/shoshone), United States: Indigenous people of the western United States with many bands and rich traditions - [Crow](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/crow), United States: Plains people of southern Montana, known for their horse culture and Crow Fair - [Balinese](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/balinese), Indonesia: Hindu-majority people of Bali, known for art, dance, and water-temple farming - [Kiowa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kiowa), United States: Horse-centered Plains nation of southwestern Oklahoma - [Soninke](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/soninke), Mali: Mande-speaking people of West Africa, founders of the ancient Ghana Empire - [Magi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/magi), Iran: Priestly caste of Zoroastrianism with ancient roots in Iran - [Ryukyuans](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ryukyuans), Japan: Indigenous people of the Ryukyu Islands in southern Japan - [Toraja](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/torajan), Indonesia: Highland people of South Sulawesi known for elaborate funerals and tongkonan houses - [Sotho](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sotho), South Africa: A Sotho-Tswana people of Lesotho and South Africa, known for their language and history. - [Tswana](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tswana), Botswana: A Bantu-speaking people of Southern Africa, central to Botswana and South Africa - [Kanak](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kanak), New Caledonia: Indigenous Melanesians of New Caledonia, known for their culture and independence movement - [Nganasan](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/nganasan), Russia: Reindeer hunters of the Taymyr Peninsula in northern Siberia - [Sama-Bajau](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sama-bajau), Philippines: Seafaring Austronesian people of the southern Philippines, Borneo, and eastern Indonesia - [Pawnee](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pawnee), United States: Matrilineal Plains people now based in Oklahoma, known for earth lodges and buffalo hunts - [Navajo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/navajo-nation), United States: The largest Native American nation, spanning Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah - [Tribe of Levi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-levi), Israel: Priestly tribe of ancient Israel, known for religious and temple duties - [Gondi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/gondi), India: A major Adivasi people of central India, known for their kingdoms and Dravidian language - [Curonians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/curonians), Latvia: A Baltic tribe of warriors and sailors from the shores of Latvia and Lithuania - [Lisu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/lisu), China: Tibeto-Burman people of the mountains in China, Myanmar, Thailand, and India - [Ovambo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ovambo), Namibia: Largest ethnic group of Namibia, also in southern Angola - [Kalenjin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kalenjin), Kenya: A cluster of Nilotic-speaking peoples of Kenya's Rift Valley and beyond - [Melanesians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/melanesians), Papua New Guinea: Indigenous peoples of Melanesia from New Guinea to Fiji - [Khalkha](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/khalkha-mongols), Mongolia: Largest subgroup of Mongols, central to Mongolia's history and culture - [Tupi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tupi), Brazil: Indigenous peoples of coastal and central Brazil, known for their deep cultural legacy - [Parisii](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/parisii), France: Iron Age Gallic tribe of the Seine, origin of the name Paris - [Sicels](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sicels), Italy: Iron Age tribe of eastern Sicily known for their language and cults - [Madurese](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/madurese), Indonesia: Cattle herders and satay makers from Madura Island and eastern Java - [Korowai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/korowai), Indonesia: Treehouse-dwelling horticulturalists of southeastern Papua, Indonesia - [Acehnese](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/acehnese), Indonesia: Austronesian Muslim people native to Aceh, northern Sumatra - [Potawatomi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/potawatomi), United States: Keepers of the fire in the Great Lakes and Plains, with many recognized bands today - [Thuringi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/thuringi), Germany: A Germanic people of early medieval Central Germany - [Scordisci](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/scordisci), Serbia: A mixed people of the central Balkans, active from the 3rd to 1st century BC - [Irish Travellers](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/irish-travellers), Ireland: A traditionally nomadic indigenous group of Ireland with a distinct language and culture - [Onondaga](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/onondaga), United States: Central nation of the Haudenosaunee, known as the Keepers of the Fire - [Tribe of Benjamin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-benjamin), Israel: Ancient Israelite tribe between Judah and Ephraim, famed for warriors and King Saul - [Kven](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kvens), Norway: A Balto-Finnic minority rooted in northern Norway’s fjords and valleys - [Nez Perce](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/nez-perce), United States: Plateau people of Idaho known for salmon fishing and Appaloosa horses - [Iban](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/iban), Malaysia: Dayak people of northwestern Borneo, known for longhouses and weaving - [Baganda](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/baganda), Uganda: Largest ethnic group of Uganda, organized by clans in the Buganda kingdom - [Tribe of Naphtali](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-naphtali), Israel: A northern tribe of ancient Israel, known for its swift warriors and lost after exile - [Tribe of Dan](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-dan), Israel: Ancient Israelite tribe known for migration and seafaring - [Torres Strait Islanders](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/torres-strait-islanders), Australia: Seafaring Melanesian people of the Torres Strait Islands, Australia - [Tribe of Ephraim](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-ephraim), Israel: A leading tribe of ancient Israel, later counted among the Ten Lost Tribes - [Chamorro](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chamorro), United States: Indigenous people of the Mariana Islands, mainly Guam and Northern Marianas - [Garifuna](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/garifuna), Honduras: Afro-Indigenous people of Caribbean origin living in Central America and the US - [Tribe of Reuben](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-reuben), Jordan: An ancient Israelite tribe east of the Jordan River - [Makassar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/makassar), Indonesia: Seafaring rice farmers and traders of southern Sulawesi, Indonesia - [Tribe of Simeon](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-simeon), Israel: An ancient Israelite tribe once settled in the southwest of Canaan - [Osage](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/osage-nation), United States: Indigenous people of the Great Plains, now based in Oklahoma - [Asmat](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/asmat), Indonesia: Woodcarvers of the tidal swamps and rainforests of South Papua - [Ripuarian Franks](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ripuarian-franks), Germany: A Frankish group settled around Cologne on the Rhine after the Roman Empire - [Silures](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/silures), United Kingdom: Ancient tribal confederation of south-east Wales - [Baggara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/baggara-arabs), Sudan: Nomadic cattle herders of the Sahel between Lake Chad and the Nile - [Minaeans](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ma-in), Yemen: Ancient traders and kingdom-builders of northwest Yemen - [Tribe of Gad](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-gad), Israel: A tribe of ancient Israel settled east of the Jordan River - [Charrúa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/charrua), Uruguay: Semi-nomadic Indigenous people of Uruguay, Argentina, and Brazil - [Kewa Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/santo-domingo-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: A Keres-speaking Pueblo community in northern New Mexico - [Kawésqar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kawesqar), Chile: Seafaring Indigenous people of Chilean Patagonia - [San Felipe Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/san-felipe-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: A Keres-speaking Pueblo community along the Rio Grande in New Mexico - [Udege](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/udege), Russia: Hunters and fishers of the Ussuri and Amur river regions in Russia - [Banu Qurayza](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-qurayza), Saudi Arabia: A Jewish tribe of Yathrib (Medina) in pre-Islamic and early Islamic Arabia - [Zenata](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/zenata), Morocco: A major Berber tribal confederation of the Maghreb, once nomadic and semi-nomadic - [Cochiti](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/cochiti-new-mexico), United States: Keres-speaking Pueblo people of northern New Mexico - [Santa Clara Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/santa-clara-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: A Tewa-speaking Pueblo on the Rio Grande, famed for black and red pottery - [Baduy](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/baduy), Indonesia: Indigenous Sundanese in Banten, known for voluntary isolation and tradition - [Swedes](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/swedes), Sweden: North Germanic tribe of Svealand, central Sweden - [Sciri](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sciri), Ukraine: An East Germanic people once living north of the Black Sea and Danube - [Tribe of Zebulun](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-zebulun), Israel: Ancient Israelite tribe settled between the Sea of Galilee and the Mediterranean - [Tribe of Asher](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-asher), Israel: A historical Israelite tribe linked to western and coastal Galilee - [Kayı](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kay), Turkey: An Oghuz Turkic tribe with roots in Turkey and Turkmenistan - [Jemez Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/jemez-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: Pueblo people of northern New Mexico, known for running and Towa language - [Uru](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/uru), Peru: Builders of floating reed islands on Lake Titicaca - [Tribe of Manasseh](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-manasseh), Israel: Ancient Israelite tribe with territory on both sides of the Jordan River - [Samoans](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/samoans), Samoa: Indigenous Polynesians of the Samoan Islands, united by language and tradition - [ʿĀd](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ad), Jordan: An ancient Arab tribe once settled in the Wadi Rum region of southern Jordan - [Tocharians of Karasahr](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/karasahr), China: Ancient Indo-European people of Karasahr in the Tarim Basin, Xinjiang - [Tribe of Issachar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-issachar), Israel: Ancient Israelite tribe known for scholarship and wisdom - [Latgalians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/latgalians), Latvia: An ancient Baltic tribe of eastern Latvia, core ancestors of modern Latvians - [Danes](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/danes), Sweden: North Germanic tribe who founded Denmark and shaped the Viking Age - [Banu Hilal](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-hilal), Egypt: Arab tribal confederation from Najd, known for their 11th-century migration to North Africa - [Omaha](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/omaha), United States: Plains tribe of Nebraska and Iowa with a long history of trade and adaptation - [House of Thani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/house-of-thani), Qatar: Ruling family of Qatar with roots in the Banu Tamim tribe - [Tuscarora](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tuscarora), United States: Iroquoian people, sixth nation of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy - [Kayapo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kayapo), Brazil: Indigenous people of Brazil's Xingu River basin, known for activism and body art - [Barghawata](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/barghawata), Morocco: Berber confederation of 29 tribes on Morocco's Atlantic coast, 8th–11th centuries - [Bororo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bororo), Brazil: Indigenous people of central Brazil, known for circular villages and matrilineal clans - [Pojoaque](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pueblo-of-pojoaque), United States: A Tewa-speaking Pueblo community in northern New Mexico - [Dani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/dani), Indonesia: Highland farmers of the Baliem Valley in Papua, Indonesia - [Chiricahua](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chiricahua), United States: Apache people of the US Southwest and northern Mexico - [Barlas](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/barlas), Uzbekistan: A Mongol-origin tribe that became influential in Central Asia and beyond - [Zia](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/zia-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: A Keres-speaking Pueblo community in Sandoval County, New Mexico - [Afshar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/afshar), Iran: Oghuz Turkic tribe found mainly in Iran and Turkey, known for nomadic traditions - [Okjeo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/okjeo), North Korea: Ancient tribal communities of northern Korea, known for farming and village chiefs - [Santa Ana Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/santa-ana-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: Keres-speaking Pueblo community in the Rio Grande valley of New Mexico - [Ghilji](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ghilji), Afghanistan: A major Pashtun tribal confederation of Afghanistan and Pakistan - [Banjar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banjar), Indonesia: Indigenous people of South Kalimantan, Indonesia, with a rich river-based heritage - [Taos Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/taos-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: A Puebloan community in northern New Mexico with over 1,000 years of history - [Caspians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/caspians), Azerbaijan: Ancient people of the southwestern Caspian Sea region - [Banu Nadir](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-nadir), Saudi Arabia: A Jewish tribe of northern Arabia, expelled from Medina in the 7th century - [Sanhaja](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sanhaja), Morocco: A historic Berber confederation spread across North and West Africa - [Dakota](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/dakota), United States: Sioux-speaking people of the northern Plains, with many bands across the US and Canada - [Trinovantes](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/trinovantes), United Kingdom: Celtic tribe of Iron Age southeastern Britain, centered at Camulodunum - [Khongirad](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/khongirad), Mongolia: A Mongolic tribal group known for royal marriages and rule in Central Asia - [Banu Khazraj](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-khazraj), Saudi Arabia: A South Arabian Arab tribe settled in Medina, known as early supporters of Muhammad - [Ho-Chunk](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ho-chunk), United States: Siouan-speaking Native people of Wisconsin and Nebraska, known for effigy mounds - [Manghud](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/manghud), Mongolia: A Mongol-origin tribe known for founding the Nogai Horde and Manghit dynasty - [Munduruku](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/munduruku), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Tapajós river basin in the Brazilian Amazon - [Narragansett](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/narragansett), United States: Indigenous people of Rhode Island, known for their ties to Narragansett Bay - [Oglala Lakota](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/oglala), United States: Lakota people living mainly on Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota - [Waorani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/waorani), Ecuador: Indigenous people of Ecuador's Amazon, some living in voluntary isolation - [Toba](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/toba), Argentina: A major Indigenous people of the Gran Chaco, Argentina, Paraguay and Bolivia - [Jicarilla Apache](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/jicarilla-apache), United States: Seminomadic Apache people of northern New Mexico and southern Colorado - [Caddo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/caddo), United States: Descendants of mound builders from the Piney Woods of the southern United States - [Picuris](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/picuris-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: A Tiwa-speaking pueblo in northern New Mexico, known for micaceous pottery - [Mentawai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mentawai), Indonesia: Rainforest islanders of the Mentawai Islands, known for tattoos and Arat Sabulungan beliefs - [Durrani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/durrani), Afghanistan: A major Pashtun tribal confederation of southern Afghanistan and Pakistan - [Pequot](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pequot), United States: Native people of Connecticut, known for survival and revival after near-destruction - [Pirahã](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/piraha), Brazil: Hunter-gatherers of the Maici River in the Brazilian Amazon - [Tribe of Joseph](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tribe-of-joseph), Israel: A major ancient Israelite tribe later divided into Ephraim and Manasseh - [Betawi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/betawi), Indonesia: Creole people of Jakarta with a rich blend of Indonesian and foreign roots - [Gododdin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/gododdin), United Kingdom: A Brittonic people of the Old North, famed in early Welsh poetry - [Qahtanites](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/qahtanite), Yemen: Descendants of southern Arabian tribes, rooted in Yemen and Hadhramaut - [Banu Aws](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-aws), Saudi Arabia: Arab tribe of Medina, allies of Muhammad known as the Ansar - [Orang Laut](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/orang-laut), Indonesia: Seafaring communities of the Riau Islands, Singapore, and the Malay Peninsula - [Menominee](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/menominee), United States: A Native nation rooted in Wisconsin, known for wild rice and forest stewardship - [Ambonese](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ambonese), Indonesia: Mixed Austronesian-Melanesian people of Ambon and southwest Seram, Maluku, Indonesia - [Vistulans](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/vistulans), Poland: Early medieval tribe of the western Vistula valley in Lesser Poland - [Acoma](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/acoma-pueblo), United States: Pueblo people of western New Mexico, living atop a high mesa for centuries - [Iowa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/iowa), United States: Native people of the Midwest, now in Kansas, Nebraska, and Oklahoma - [Kaw](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kaw), United States: Native people of Kansas and Oklahoma, known as the "People of the South Wind" - [Banu Qaynuqa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-qaynuqa), Saudi Arabia: Jewish tribe of merchants in early Medina, expelled in the 7th century - [Quapaw](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/quapaw), United States: Dhegiha Siouan people from the lower Mississippi and Arkansas River region - [Zo'é](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/zo-e), Brazil: Semi-nomadic Tupi–Guarani people of Pará, Brazil - [Hunkpapa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/hunkpapa), United States: A Lakota division known for their role at Little Bighorn and life at Standing Rock - [Tenggerese](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tenggerese), Indonesia: Hindu Javanese people of the Tengger mountains in East Java - [Ciboney](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ciboney), Cuba: Western Taíno-related people of central Cuba, now extinct as a distinct group - [Banu Ifran](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-ifran), Algeria: A Zenata Berber tribe of North Africa, founders of Tlemcen and rulers in Andalusia - [Atoni](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/atoni), Indonesia: Village-based people of Timor known for symbolic house design and duality concepts - [Semnones](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/semnones), Germany: A major Suebi tribe of ancient Germany near the Elbe in Roman times - [Usipi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/usipetes), Germany: A Germanic people who moved along the Rhine in Roman times - [Dot Lake Village](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/dot-lake-village-alaska), United States: A small Alaska Native village in the Southeast Fairbanks region - [Ayoreo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ayoreo), Paraguay: Nomadic hunter-gatherers of the Gran Chaco, some still living in voluntary isolation - [Lingones](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/lingones), France: A Gallic people of the Langres plateau and the Po plain in ancient times - [Tohono O'odham](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tohono-o-odham), United States: Desert-dwelling people of the Sonoran region in Arizona and Sonora - [Meena](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/meena), India: A large adivasi community of Rajasthan and nearby states, known for Mandana art - [Alchon Huns](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/alchon-huns), India: Nomadic conquerors of Central Asia and northern India in late antiquity - [Nias](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/nias), Indonesia: Austronesian people native to Nias Island, off North Sumatra, Indonesia - [Asháninka](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ashaninka), Peru: Indigenous people of the central Amazonian rainforest of Peru and Brazil - [Passamaquoddy](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/passamaquoddy), United States: Native people of Maine and New Brunswick, known for fishing and the Wabanaki Confederacy - [Kalina](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kalina), Venezuela: Indigenous people of the northern coast of South America - [Minahasan](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/minahasan), Indonesia: Austronesian people of North Sulawesi, Indonesia, known for their Christian heritage - [Mandar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mandarese), Indonesia: Seafaring and farming people of West Sulawesi, Indonesia - [Meshwesh](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/meshwesh), Egypt: Ancient Libyan tribe that once ruled parts of Egypt - [Iteso](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/teso), Uganda: Nilotic farmers and herders of eastern Uganda and western Kenya - [Apatani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/apatani), India: Wet rice farmers of the Ziro valley, known for sustainable land use - [Wayana](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/wayana), French Guiana: Carib-speaking people of the Guiana highlands in Brazil, Suriname, and French Guiana - [Agrianes](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/agrianes), Bulgaria: Ancient Paeonian tribe of the Upper Strymon region - [Rashaida](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rashaida), Eritrea: Nomadic camel herders of the Red Sea coastal plains in Sudan and Eritrea - [Khamti](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/khamti), India: Tai-speaking Buddhists of Arunachal Pradesh, Myanmar, and China - [Pomo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pomo), United States: Indigenous people of northern California, known for basketry and diverse languages - [Montagnard](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/montagnard), Vietnam: Indigenous peoples of Vietnam's Central Highlands with diverse languages and cultures - [Azd](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/azd), Saudi Arabia: Ancient Arab tribe from South Arabia with many influential branches - [Banu Tamim](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-tamim), Saudi Arabia: A widespread Arab tribe with roots in central Arabia - [Matsés](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/matses), Peru: Indigenous people of the Amazon between the Javari and Galvez rivers - [Skolts](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/skolts), Finland: Indigenous Sámi of the borderlands of Finland, Russia, and Norway - [Gayo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/gayo), Indonesia: Highland people of Aceh known for oral tradition and unique dances - [Atakapa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/atakapa), United States: Indigenous bands of the Gulf Coast in Louisiana and Texas - [Huna](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/huna), India: Central Asian tribes who entered India in the late 5th and early 6th centuries - [Yali](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yali), Indonesia: Highland Papua people known for shifting cultivation and clan-based society - [Baban](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/baban), Iraq: Kurdish dynasty that ruled Sulaymaniyah and Shahrizor from the 1500s to 1850 - [Catawba](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/catawba), United States: River people of the Carolina Piedmont, known for pottery and resilience - [Guajajara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/guajajara), Brazil: Forest guardians of Maranhão in northeastern Brazil - [Bribri](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bribri), Costa Rica: Indigenous people of the Talamanca region in Costa Rica and Panama - [Siraya](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/siraya), Taiwan: Plains indigenous people of southwest Taiwan, known for unique family customs - [Chorni Klobuky](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/black-klobuks), Ukraine: Turkic tribes who settled on the southern frontier of Kievan Rus' - [Awá](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/awa), Brazil: Nomadic hunter-gatherers of the eastern Amazon rainforest in Brazil - [Ngäbe](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngabe), Panama: Indigenous people of western Panama and southern Costa Rica - [Wayampi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/wayampi), Brazil: Indigenous people of the border forests of Brazil and French Guiana - [Kinana](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kinana), Saudi Arabia: Arab tribe with roots around Mecca and a history across Arabia and Palestine - [Gorontalo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/gorontalo), Indonesia: The largest ethnic group of northern Sulawesi, known for kinship and Islamic traditions - [Havasupai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/havasupai), United States: Descendants of the Grand Canyon, known for their blue-green waters and resilience - [Wichí](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/wichi), Argentina: Indigenous forest and river people of Argentina and Bolivia - [Kerinci](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kerinci), Indonesia: Austronesian people of the Kerinci highlands in Sumatra and Malaysia - [Chitimacha](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chitimacha), United States: Indigenous people of Louisiana's Atchafalaya Basin with a federally recognized reservation - [Nambikwara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/nambikwara), Brazil: Indigenous people of Mato Grosso, Brazil, living along the Guaporé and Juruena rivers - [Ticuna](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ticuna), Brazil: The most numerous Indigenous people of the Brazilian Amazon - [Alas](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/alas), Indonesia: Rice-farming Batak people of the Alas valley in Aceh, Sumatra - [Yavapai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yavapai), United States: Hunter-gatherers of central Arizona with four distinct bands - [Banu Sulaym](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-sulaym), Libya: Arab tribal confederation with roots in the Hejaz, now prominent in Cyrenaica, Libya - [Banu Makhzum](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-makhzum), Saudi Arabia: A leading Quraysh clan of Mecca, powerful before and during early Islam - [Sápara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sapara), Ecuador: Indigenous people of the Ecuadorian and Peruvian Amazon rainforest - [Nyishi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/nyishi), India: The largest tribal group of Arunachal Pradesh, India - [Ongud](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ongud), China: Turkic-Mongolic tribe of northern China and Mongolia in medieval times - [Bharatas](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bharatas), India: Early Vedic Indo-Aryan tribe of the Sarasvatī River region - [Achuar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/achuar), Ecuador: Indigenous people of the Pastaza and Huasaga rivers in Ecuador and Peru - [Macushi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/macushi), Brazil: Indigenous people of the savannahs of Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela - [Kaingang](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kaingang), Brazil: Indigenous people of southern Brazil with a dual clan society - [Huni Kuin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/huni-kuin), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Amazon along rivers in Brazil and Peru - [Hevelli](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/hevelli), Germany: West Slavic tribe of the middle Havel river, medieval Brandenburg - [Quechan](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/quechan), United States: Native people of the lower Colorado River, Arizona and California - [Taghlib](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/taghlib), Iraq: A major Arab tribe of Upper Mesopotamia, once known for their power and Christian faith - [Al Qasimi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/al-qasimi), United Arab Emirates: Arab tribe and dynasty ruling Sharjah and Ras Al Khaimah in the UAE - [Qays](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/qays), Saudi Arabia: A major Arab tribal confederation of northern Arabia and the early Islamic world - [Adi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/adi), India: Indigenous people of Arunachal Pradesh, known for the kebang council and Donyi-Polo faith - [Banu Khuza'a](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-khuza-ah), Saudi Arabia: A historic Arab tribe, once rulers of Mecca and the Hejaz - [Kubu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/orang-rimba), Indonesia: Mobile forest peoples of southeast Sumatra, Indonesia - [Noongar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/noongar), Australia: Aboriginal people of southwestern Western Australia with deep ties to land and tradition - [Libu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/libu), Libya: Ancient Berber tribe of Libya, known from Egyptian records - [Hualapai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/hualapai), United States: Native people of northern Arizona, known as the 'people of the tall pines' - [Witoto](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/witoto), Colombia: Swidden farmers and forest dwellers of the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon - [Deceangli](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/deceangli), United Kingdom: Celtic tribe of ancient Britain near the Clwydian Range - [Bali Aga](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bali-aga), Indonesia: Indigenous highland communities of Bali with distinct traditions and language - [Bayat](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bayat), Iran: A widespread Oghuz Turkic tribe found from Azerbaijan to Turkmenistan - [Daesitiates](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/daesitiates), Bosnia and Herzegovina: An Illyrian tribe of central Bosnia, known for their role in the Great Illyrian revolt - [Western Apache](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/western-apache), United States: Apache peoples of east-central Arizona, living on several reservations - [Qadhadhfa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/qadhadhfa), Libya: An influential Arab Ashraf tribe centered in Sirte, Libya - [Gogo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/gogo), Tanzania: Bantu farmers and herders of Tanzania's Dodoma Region - [Kutama](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kutama), Algeria: A Berber tribe from northern Algeria, key to the rise of the Fatimid Caliphate - [Banu Adi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-adi), Saudi Arabia: A historical clan of the Quraysh tribe in Mecca - [Lampung](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/lampung), Indonesia: Indigenous people of southern Sumatra with coastal and interior clans - [Mehinaku](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mehinaku), Brazil: Indigenous Arawakan-speaking people of the Upper Xingu, Brazil - [Yawalapiti](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yawalapiti), Brazil: Indigenous Arawakan-speaking people of Brazil's Upper Xingu region - [Kuikuro](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kuikuro), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Upper Xingu River in Brazil - [Sumba](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sumba), Indonesia: Austronesian people of Sumba Island, Indonesia, known for Marapu beliefs and megalithic tombs - [Nambé Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/nambe-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: A Tewa-speaking Pueblo community in northern New Mexico - [Cocopah](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/cocopah), United States: Indigenous people of the lower Colorado River in Arizona and Baja California - [Miniconjou](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/miniconjou), United States: A Lakota subdivision living in west-central South Dakota - [Sicangu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sicangu), United States: Southern Lakota nation centered on the Rosebud and Lower Brule Reservations - [Terena](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/terena), Brazil: Agricultural Indigenous people of Brazil's Mato Grosso do Sul region - [Kalispel](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pend-d-oreilles), United States: Indigenous people of the Northwest Plateau, known for their camas-based traditions - [Banu Kalb](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-kalb), Syria: A major Arab tribe of the Syrian desert and steppe, 5th–12th centuries CE - [Ye'kuana](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ye-kuana), Venezuela: Canoe makers of the Caura and Orinoco rivers in Venezuela and Brazil - [Tucano](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tucano), Colombia: Multilingual Indigenous people of the Vaupés River in the northwest Amazon - [Tupiniquim](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tupiniquim), Brazil: Tupi-descended people living in Indigenous territories of Espírito Santo, Brazil - [Bhumij](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bhumij), India: A Munda-speaking tribal group of eastern India and Bangladesh - [Vadoma](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/vadoma), Zimbabwe: Hunter-gatherers of northern Zimbabwe known for inherited ectrodactyly - [Mbya Guarani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mbya-guarani), Paraguay: A branch of the Guarani living in Paraguay, Brazil, Argentina, and Uruguay - [Bariq](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bariq), Saudi Arabia: A large tribe from Bareq in southwest Saudi Arabia, descended from Al-Azd. - [Tsimané](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tsimane), Bolivia: Indigenous farmers and foragers of Bolivia's Beni lowlands - [Yaminawá](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yaminawa), Brazil: Indigenous people of Acre, Brazil, also in Peru and Bolivia - [Kadiwéu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kadiweu), Brazil: Horse-riding Indigenous people of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil - [Yuracaré](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yuracare), Bolivia: Forest-dwelling people of the Bolivian Amazon lowlands - [Petun](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/petun), Canada: Iroquoian confederacy of Ontario, known for their villages south of Georgian Bay - [Xerente](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/xerente), Brazil: Central Jê people of Tocantins, Brazil, with strong clan traditions - [Mee](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mee), Indonesia: Indigenous people of the Paniai Lakes region in Central Papua, Indonesia - [Manggarai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/manggarai), Indonesia: Native people of western Flores, Indonesia, known for caci whip-fighting and ritual ceremonies - [Tonkawa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tonkawa), United States: Native people of Oklahoma and Texas, now based in Kay County, Oklahoma - [Anizah](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/anizah), Saudi Arabia: A large Arab tribe spread across Arabia, the Levant, and Mesopotamia - [Banu Ghatafan](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ghatafan), Saudi Arabia: A confederation of Bedouin tribes from northeast of Medina in pre-Islamic Arabia - [Xavante](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/xavante), Brazil: Indigenous people of eastern Mato Grosso, Brazil, known for dual-clan society - [Maricopa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/maricopa), United States: River Yuman people of Arizona, known for pottery and farming - [Etoro](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/etoro), Papua New Guinea: A small tribe living on the southern slopes of Mt. Sisa in Papua New Guinea - [Sans Arc](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sans-arc), United States: A Lakota subdivision living on the Cheyenne River Reservation, South Dakota - [Skalvians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/skalvians), Lithuania: A West Baltic tribe once living by the lower Neman River - [Banu Hanifa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-hanifa), Saudi Arabia: Sedentary Arab tribe of central Arabia, founders of early Riyadh - [Apiacá](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/apiaca), Brazil: Indigenous people of northern Mato Grosso and Pará, Brazil - [Washoe](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/washoe), United States: Native people of the Lake Tahoe region in California and Nevada - [Toba Batak](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/toba-batak), Indonesia: Largest Batak group centered on Lake Toba in North Sumatra, Indonesia - [Bani Yas](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bani-yas), United Arab Emirates: A major tribal confederation of Najdi origin in the United Arab Emirates and Qatar - [Kamayurá](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kamayura), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Upper Xingu, central Brazil - [Bidayuh](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bidayuh), Malaysia: Indigenous people of southern Sarawak and northern West Kalimantan, Borneo - [Aikanã](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/aikana), Brazil: Indigenous people of Rondônia, western Amazonian lowlands - [Bora](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bora), Peru: Forest people of the Amazon between the Napo, Putumayo, and Caquetá rivers - [Chamacoco](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chamacoco), Paraguay: Indigenous people of the Gran Chaco, with river and forest traditions - [Bani Shaiba](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bani-shaiba), Saudi Arabia: Custodians of the Kaaba keys in Mecca for centuries - [Wai-wai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/wai-wai), Brazil: Forest-dwelling Cariban people of southern Guyana and northern Brazil - [Tesuque](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tesuque-pueblo-new-mexico), United States: A Tewa-speaking Pueblo community near Santa Fe, New Mexico - [Cofán](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/cofan), Ecuador: Indigenous people of the Ecuadorian and Colombian Amazon, known for rainforest stewardship - [Pataxó](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pataxo), Brazil: Indigenous people of Bahia, Brazil, reviving their language and culture - [Karo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/karo), Indonesia: Highland farming people of North Sumatra with strong clan traditions - [Tiriyó](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tiriyo), Brazil: Indigenous Cariban-speaking people of northern Brazil, Suriname, and Guyana - [Umatilla](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/umatilla), United States: Sahaptin-speaking people of the Columbia Plateau in the Pacific Northwest - [Banu Taym](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-taym), Saudi Arabia: A Qurayshite Arab clan with roots in Mecca, now spread across the Middle East - [Qiniq](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/qiniq), Turkey: An Oghuz Turkic tribe, founders of the Seljuk dynasty - [Mura](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mura), Brazil: Indigenous people of the central and eastern Amazon in Brazil - [Achomawi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/achomawi), United States: Nine bands of the Pit River tribe in northeastern California - [Banu Bakr](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-bakr), Saudi Arabia: A historic Arab tribal confederation from central and northern Arabia - [Yueban](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/orpun), Kazakhstan: Early Turkic people of Zhetysu, descended from the Northern Xiongnu - [Enawene Nawe](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/enawene-nawe), Brazil: Growers and fishers of Mato Grosso, Brazil, who do not eat red meat - [Piegan Blackfeet](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/piegan-blackfeet), United States: Largest group of the Blackfeet Confederacy in Montana and Alberta - [Sihasapa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sihasapa), United States: A Lakota division living on the Great Plains, now at Standing Rock and Cheyenne River - [Ese Ejja](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ese-ejja), Bolivia: Indigenous people of the southwestern Amazon in Bolivia and Peru - [Aweti](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/aweti), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Xingu headwaters in Brazil, living in two villages - [Mojeño](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mojenos), Bolivia: Indigenous people of Bolivia's Llanos de Mojos and Mamoré River region - [Varisci](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/varisci), Germany: A Germanic people of the Roman-era Danube frontier - [Tsáchila](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tsachila), Ecuador: Indigenous people of Ecuador known for their red achiote hair and healing traditions - [Hawazin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/hawazin), Saudi Arabia: A major Arab tribal confederation of western Najd and the Hejaz - [Cherokee Nation](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/cherokee-nation), United States: Largest federally recognized Cherokee tribe in the United States, based in Oklahoma - [Sikka](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sikka), Indonesia: Austronesian-speaking people of east central Flores, Indonesia - [Sumbawa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sumbawa), Indonesia: Rice farmers and herders of western and central Sumbawa Island, Indonesia - [Chemehuevi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chemehuevi), United States: Southernmost branch of the Southern Paiute in the Great Basin deserts - [Adai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/adai), United States: A Southeastern Woodlands people of Louisiana and Texas, now merged with the Caddo - [Banu Najjar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-najjar), Saudi Arabia: A clan of Medina linked to early Islamic history and the Prophet Muhammad - [Miccosukee](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/miccosukee), United States: Hitchiti-speaking people of the Everglades, related to the Seminole - [Kalapalo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kalapalo), Brazil: Fishers and farmers of Brazil's Upper Xingu region - [Guarayos](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/guarayos), Bolivia: Farmers and forest dwellers of eastern Bolivia's lowlands - [Rabi'a](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rabi-a-ibn-nizar), Saudi Arabia: A major branch of the ancient North Arabian tribes - [Abd al-Qays](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/abd-al-qays), Saudi Arabia: An ancient Arab tribe from Eastern Arabia, now found across the Gulf region - [Lugbara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/lugbara), Uganda: Farmers and herders of Uganda and the Congo, known for guineafowl and rich traditions - [Little jüz](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/junior-juz), Kazakhstan: Western Kazakh tribal confederation with deep nomadic roots - [Shammar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/shammar), Saudi Arabia: A large Arab tribal confederation rooted in northern Arabia and Iraq - [Penobscot](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/penobscot), United States: Wabanaki people of Maine, living along the Penobscot River - [Cook Islands Māori](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/cook-islanders), New Zealand: Indigenous Polynesian people of the Cook Islands, now mostly living in New Zealand and Australia - [Pehuenche](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pehuenche), Chile: Andean people known for harvesting monkey-puzzle tree seeds - [Lani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/lani), Indonesia: Indigenous people of Central and Highland Papua, known for their koteka traditions - [Pocomtuc](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pocomtuc), United States: Farmers and fishers of the Connecticut River Valley in western Massachusetts - [Kaiabi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kayabi), Brazil: Farmers and craftspeople of the Xingu Indigenous Park in Brazil - [Baniwa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/baniwa), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Amazon borderlands, skilled in basketry and farming - [Wapishana](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/wapishana), Brazil: Indigenous Arawakan people of northern Brazil and southern Guyana - [Palikur](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/palikur), Brazil: Arawak-speaking riverine people of Amapá and French Guiana - [Jakun](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/jakun), Malaysia: Indigenous people of southern Malaysia, known for their forest traditions - [Chiquitano](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chiquitano), Bolivia: Indigenous people of the Chiquitania savanna in eastern Bolivia and Brazil - [Quileute](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/quileute), United States: Salmon fishers of the Olympic Peninsula, Washington - [Middle jüz](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/middle-juz), Kazakhstan: A major tribal confederation of Kazakhs in central and eastern Kazakhstan - [Peoria](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/peoria), United States: A Native American people of the Illinois Confederation, now in Oklahoma - [Urak Lawoiʼ](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/urak-lawoi), Thailand: Austronesian island people of southern Thailand, known for their seafaring traditions - [Mudar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mudar), Saudi Arabia: A major Arab tribal confederation of northern and central Arabia in late antiquity - [Payaguá](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/payagua), Paraguay: Riverine Guaycuru people of the Northern Chaco, now extinct - [Punan Bah](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/punan-bah), Malaysia: Swidden farmers and river dwellers of Borneo's central forests - [Shinnecock](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/shinnecock-indian-nation), United States: Algonquian-speaking nation on Long Island, New York, known for wampum and whaling - [Duwamish](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/duwamish-q491721), United States: Lushootseed-speaking Coast Salish of the Seattle region - [Ngada](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngada), Indonesia: Matrilineal farming people of central Flores Island, Indonesia - [Korku](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/korku), India: A Munda-speaking community of central India, mainly in Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra - [Quda'a](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/quda-a), Syria: A confederation of Arab tribes influential in Syria and Arabia from the 4th to 12th centuries - [Miknasa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/miknasa), Algeria: Zenata Berber tribe from the Aurès mountains and Ouarsenis region - [Two Kettles](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/two-kettles), United States: A Lakota subtribe living on the Cheyenne River Reservation - [Marajoara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/marajoara-culture), Brazil: Ancient mound-building society of Marajó Island in the Amazon delta - [Hayato](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/hayato), Japan: Ancient people of southern Kyushu, known for resistance and unique traditions - [Tayy](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tayy), Syria: Ancient Arab tribal confederation of Jabal Shammar and the Syrian Desert - [Shekak](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/shekak), Iran: A Kurdish tribe of West Azerbaijan and surrounding regions - [Barzani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/barzani), Iraq: A Kurdish tribal confederation from Barzan in northern Iraq - [Jurhum](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/jurhum), Yemen: Ancient Qahtanite tribe once linked to Mecca and the Kaaba - [Diablintes](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/diablintes), France: An Iron Age Gallic tribe from what is now north Mayenne, France - [Basmyl](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/basmyls), China: A Turkic nomadic tribe of Dzungaria, active in 7th–8th century Central Asia - [Smolyani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/smolyani), Bulgaria: A medieval Slavic tribe of the Rhodope Mountains and Mesta River valley - [Beni Hassan](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/beni-hassan), Mauritania: Bedouin Arab tribe of Western Sahara, Mauritania, Morocco, and Algeria - [Cornovii (Midlands)](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/cornovii-q931026), United Kingdom: An Iron Age and Roman-era Celtic people of the English Midlands and Welsh borders - [Jaff](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/jaff), Iraq: A major Kurdish tribal confederation of the Zagros region - [Banu Abd al-Dar](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-abd-al-dar), Saudi Arabia: A sub-clan of the Quraysh, historic custodians of the Kaaba in Arabia - [Kirata](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kirata), India: Mountain peoples of the Himalayas and Northeast India in ancient texts - [Belegezites](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/belegezites), Greece: A South Slavic tribe of early medieval Thessaly, known for trade and local alliances - [Banu Thaqif](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-thaqif), Saudi Arabia: Settled Arab tribe of Ta'if, key in early Islamic history and Iraq's governance - [Trumai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/trumai), Brazil: Farmers of the upper Xingu River in Brazil, known for the jawari ritual - [Mandailing](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mandailing), Indonesia: A Muslim Batak group from North Sumatra and West Sumatra, Indonesia - [Uru-Eu-Wau-Wau](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/uru-eu-wau-wau), Brazil: Hunter-gatherers of Rondônia, Brazil, known for their mouth tattoos - [Wauja](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/wauja), Brazil: Arawakan-speaking people of the Upper Xingu River in Brazil - [Isleta Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pueblo-of-isleta), United States: A Southern Tiwa pueblo in New Mexico's Middle Rio Grande Valley - [Ka'apor](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ka-apor), Brazil: Forest guardians of Maranhão, Brazil, known for their use of sign language - [Palembang](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/palembang), Indonesia: Native people of Palembang city and South Sumatra, Indonesia - [Jalair](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/jalairs), Mongolia: A widespread Mongolic-origin tribe now found from Mongolia to Central Asia - [Banu Asad](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-asad), Iraq: An Arab tribe with deep roots in Iraq and a legacy tied to Karbala - [Cubeo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/cubeo), Colombia: Indigenous people of the Vaupés region in Colombia's northwest Amazon - [Bunak](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bunak), Timor-Leste: Mountain people of central Timor speaking a Papuan language - [Fayu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/fayu), Indonesia: Small indigenous group living in Papua's swamplands - [Xukuru](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/xukuru), Brazil: Indigenous people of Pernambuco, Brazil, reclaiming their Ororubá homeland - [Amungme](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/amung), Indonesia: Highland people of Central Papua, closely tied to their sacred mountains - [Aparai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/aparai), Brazil: Indigenous Cariban-speaking people of northern Brazil and Guiana Shield - [Pamunkey](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/pamunkey), United States: A Native nation on the Pamunkey River, Virginia, with a centuries-old reservation - [Kenyah](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kenyah), Malaysia: Swidden farmers and longhouse dwellers of Borneo's interior forests - [Tacana](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tacana), Bolivia: Agricultural people of the Bolivian Amazon, known for their traditional ceremonies - [Gewisse](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/gewisse), United Kingdom: Early Anglo-Saxon tribe in the upper Thames region, founders of Wessex - [Bani Utbah](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bani-utbah), Bahrain: Arab tribal confederation with roots in Eastern Arabia and Najd - [Rejang](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rejang), Indonesia: Largest indigenous group of Bengkulu, Sumatra, with Austronesian roots - [Chachi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chachi), Ecuador: Rainforest dwellers of Esmeraldas, Ecuador, known for basketwork and river life - [St. Lawrence Iroquoians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/st-lawrence-iroquoians), Canada: Iroquoian farmers and fishers of the St. Lawrence River valley, vanished by 1600 - [Patwin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/patwin), United States: Southern Wintun people of California's Sacramento Valley - [Banu Amir](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-amir), Saudi Arabia: An ancient Arab tribal confederation from Najd and Hejaz, now dispersed - [Batin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/batin), Indonesia: A matrilineal Malay group of the Jambi interior in Sumatra - [Inari Sámi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/inari-sami), Finland: Indigenous Sámi of the Lake Inari region in northern Finland - [Ais](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ais), United States: Coastal hunter-gatherers of eastern Florida, known for their chiefdom and river settlements - [Korubo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/korubo), Brazil: Panoan-speaking people living in voluntary isolation in Brazil's Amazon - [Tagaeri](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tagaeri), Ecuador: Uncontacted eastern Waorani living in voluntary isolation in Ecuador's Amazon - [Sangir](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sangir), Indonesia: Fishing and farming people of the Sangihe Islands and southern Mindanao - [Mokaná](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mokana), Colombia: The only indigenous community of Colombia's Atlántico Department - [Rotenese](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rotenese), Indonesia: Native people of Rote Island and West Timor, known for weaving and farming - [Doukkala](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/doukkala), Morocco: Berber-Arab tribal confederation of Morocco's Atlantic plains - [Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sisseton-wahpeton-oyate), United States: Dakota people of the Lake Traverse Reservation in South Dakota - [Matis](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/matis), Brazil: Indigenous people of western Brazil's Vale do Javari, known for hunting and body art - [Patamona](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/patamona), Guyana: Indigenous people of the Pakaraima Mountains in Guyana and northern Brazil - [Potiguara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/potiguara), Brazil: Indigenous people of Paraíba, Brazil, known as 'shrimp-eaters' - [Ikpeng](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ikpeng), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Xingu Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil - [Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/choctaw-nation-of-oklahoma), United States: A federally recognized Choctaw tribal nation in southeastern Oklahoma - [Shabankara](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/shabankara), Iran: A confederation of herding and warrior tribes in medieval Fars, Iran - [Bauzi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bauzi), Indonesia: Crocodile-hunting people of the Mamberamo River in Papua, Indonesia - [Saraguro](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/saraguro), Ecuador: Kichwa-speaking Indigenous people of the southern Ecuadorian Andes - [Khamseh](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/khamseh), Iran: A confederation of five partly nomadic tribes in southwestern Iran - [Kamboj](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kamboj), Pakistan: Agrarian community found in India and Pakistan, also known as Kamboh - [Bajo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bajo), Philippines: Seafaring Austronesian people of Maritime Southeast Asia - [Gisu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/gisu), Uganda: Bantu-speaking farmers of Mount Elgon in eastern Uganda - [Sirionó](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/siriono), Bolivia: Forest-dwelling people of northern Bolivia, known for matrilineal families - [Zakhchin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/zakhchin), Mongolia: Oirat-descended group in Khovd Province, Mongolia - [Banu Shayban](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-shayban), Iraq: Arab tribe of Upper Mesopotamia, known for poets and early Islamic leadership - [Chiripá](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chiripa), Paraguay: Guaraní-speaking indigenous people of Paraguay, Brazil, and Argentina - [Jebala](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/jebala), Morocco: Mountain tribal confederation of northwest Morocco - [Yudjá](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yudja), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Xingu River region in Brazil - [Mawé](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/mawe), Brazil: Guaraná cultivators of the Brazilian Amazon - [Matipu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/matipu), Brazil: Indigenous Cariban people of the Xingu Indigenous Park, Mato Grosso, Brazil - [Tariana](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tariana), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Uaupés River in Brazil and Colombia - [Enggano](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/enggano), Indonesia: Matrilineal islanders of Enggano off southwest Sumatra - [Ysleta del Sur Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ysleta-del-sur-pueblo), United States: Southern Tiwa Pueblo community in El Paso, Texas - [Zia](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/zia), United States: Pueblo people of New Mexico known for their sun symbol and pottery - [Squaxin Island Tribe](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/squaxin-island), United States: Descendants of South Puget Sound Coast Salish, based in western Washington - [Wurundjeri](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/wurundjeri), Australia: Traditional owners of the Yarra River Valley around Melbourne - [Suquamish](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/suquamish-indian), United States: A Coast Salish tribe on the Kitsap Peninsula, Washington - [Tulalip Tribes](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tulalip-tribes), United States: Coast Salish peoples of the Tulalip Reservation in Washington State - [Parintintin](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/parintintin), Brazil: Indigenous Kagwahiva people of the Madeira River basin in Brazil - [Suyá](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/suya), Brazil: Indigenous people of Brazil's Upper Xingu, known for collective life and lip plates - [Otavalo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/otavalo), Ecuador: Indigenous Andean people known for weaving and vibrant markets in northern Ecuador - [Kambeba](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/omagua), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Amazon River in Brazil and Peru - [Rikbaktsa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rikbaktsa), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Amazon rain forest in northwest Mato Grosso, Brazil - [Tapirapé](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tapirape), Brazil: Indigenous Tupi–Guarani people of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil - [Ofayé](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ofaye), Brazil: Indigenous people of central Brazil, now living in Mato Grosso do Sul - [Maxakali](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/maxakali), Brazil: Indigenous people of eastern Minas Gerais, Brazil, speaking Maxakalí - [Machinere](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/machinere), Brazil: Indigenous Arawakan people of Brazil, Bolivia, and Peru - [Xakriabá](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/xakriaba), Brazil: Indigenous Gê people of Minas Gerais, Brazil, with a history of resistance - [Karitiana](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/karitiana), Brazil: Small Indigenous group living in the western Amazon of Brazil - [Dâw](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/daw), Brazil: Small Nadahup-speaking group of the Alto Rio Negro, Brazilian Amazon - [Skokomish](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/skokomish), United States: Salmon fishers and cedar artisans of Hood Canal, Washington - [Marubo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/marubo), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Vale do Javari in western Brazil - [Quinault](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/quinault), United States: Southwestern Coast Salish people of Washington's Pacific coast - [Zuruahã](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/zuruaha), Brazil: Hunter-gatherers of the Purus River in Amazonas, Brazil - [Tunica-Biloxi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tunica-biloxi), United States: A federally recognized tribe in central Louisiana, descended from Tunica, Biloxi and others - [Paiter](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/paiter), Brazil: Farmers and forest stewards of the Mato Grosso–Rondônia border in Brazil - [Hoh](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/hoh), United States: Salmon fishers of the Hoh River on Washington's Olympic Peninsula - [Gitxsan](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/gitxsan), Canada: Matrilineal Indigenous nation of the Skeena River region in British Columbia - [Cinta Larga](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/cinta-larga), Brazil: Indigenous people of the western Amazon rainforest in Brazil - [Ngāi Tahu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngai-tahu), New Zealand: The principal Māori iwi of New Zealand's South Island - [Kotiria](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kotiria), Brazil: Indigenous people of the Vaupés River in Brazil and Colombia - [Amanayé](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/amanaye), Brazil: Tupi-Guarani people of Pará, Brazil, known for shifting agriculture and resilience - [Timbisha](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/timbisha), United States: Native people of Death Valley, California, known for their deep ties to the land - [Rovčani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rovcani), Montenegro: A highlander tribe from the Rovca region of central Montenegro - [Zayanes](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/zayanes), Morocco: Berber tribes of the Middle Atlas mountains in Morocco - [Sinagua](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sinagua), United States: Ancient farmers and foragers of central Arizona's highlands and valleys - [Ngāpuhi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngapuhi), New Zealand: Largest Māori iwi of New Zealand's Northland region - [Ngāti Kahungunu](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngati-kahungunu), New Zealand: A major Māori iwi of New Zealand’s eastern North Island - [Hoti](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/hoti), Albania: A historic Albanian tribe of the Malësia region, now in Albania and Montenegro - [Clan Colquhoun](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/clan-colquhoun), United Kingdom: A Highland Scottish clan from the shores of Loch Lomond - [Yaquina](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yaquina), United States: Native people of the Yaquina River and Bay in Oregon - [Eastern Shoshone](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/eastern-shoshone), United States: Shoshone people of Wyoming and the northeast Great Basin, now at Wind River Reservation - [Arizona Tewa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/hopi-tewa), United States: Tewa-speaking Pueblo people living on First Mesa in northeastern Arizona - [Muckleshoot](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/muckleshoot), United States: Descendants of Duwamish and Upper Puyallup peoples in Washington's river valleys - [Krasniqi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/krasniqi), Albania: A historical Albanian tribe from the Accursed Mountains and Gjakova highlands - [Ciguayos](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ciguayos), Dominican Republic: Distinct Indigenous people of the Samaná Peninsula in the Dominican Republic - [Blackfeet Nation](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/blackfeet-nation), United States: A Plains tribe based on the Blackfeet Indian Reservation in Montana - [Ak-Chin Indian Community](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ak-chin-indian-community), United States: A federally recognized Oʼodham community in the Santa Cruz Valley, Arizona - [Senhaja de Srair](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/senhaja-de-srair), Morocco: Berber tribal confederation of the central Rif mountains in northern Morocco - [Prairie Island Indian Community](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/prairie-island-indian-community), United States: A Dakota Mdewakanton community along the Mississippi River in Minnesota - [Ngāti Porou](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngati-porou), New Zealand: A large Māori iwi from the East Cape and Gisborne regions of New Zealand - [Kebdana](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kebdana), Morocco: Riffian-Berber tribe of Zenata origin in northeastern Morocco - [Oulad Zyan](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/oulad-zyan), Morocco: Arab tribe of the Chaouia confederation near Casablanca, Morocco - [Banu Jusham](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/banu-jusham), Morocco: A once-large Arab tribe descended from Hawazin, settled in western Morocco - [Tolai](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tolai), Papua New Guinea: Indigenous people of the Gazelle Peninsula and Duke of York Islands, Papua New Guinea - [Abda](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/abda), Morocco: Arab tribal confederation of western Morocco, descended from Banu Ma'qil - [Native Village of Georgetown](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/georgetown-alaska), United States: Alaska Native community on the upper Kuskokwim River - [Sandia Pueblo](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/sandia-pueblo), United States: Tiwa-speaking Pueblo community at the foot of the Sandia Mountains, New Mexico - [Benga](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/benga), Equatorial Guinea: Coastal Bantu people of Equatorial Guinea and Gabon - [Yankton Sioux](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yankton-sioux), United States: Dakota people of southeastern South Dakota, protectors of the Pipestone Quarry - [Ngāti Toa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngati-toa), New Zealand: A Māori iwi based around Porirua and the northern South Island of New Zealand - [Uberi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/uberi), Switzerland: Celtic tribe of the upper Rhône in Iron Age and Roman Switzerland - [Murri](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/murri), Australia: Aboriginal peoples of Queensland and north-western New South Wales, Australia - [Ait Touzine](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ait-touzine), Morocco: A major Riffian tribe of the central Rif mountains in Morocco - [Ngāti Maniapoto](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngati-maniapoto), New Zealand: A large iwi of the Waikato-Waitomo region, part of the Tainui confederation - [Kaurna](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kaurna), Australia: Aboriginal people of the Adelaide Plains in South Australia - [Tainui](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tainui), New Zealand: A Māori tribal confederation of the central North Island, New Zealand - [Rizeigat](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/rizeigat), Sudan: Nomadic herders of Darfur and Chad, divided into camel and cattle herding groups - [Chaamba](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/chaamba), Algeria: Bedouin Arab tribe of the central Algerian Sahara, now settled in desert oases - [Ngāti Mutunga](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngati-mutunga), New Zealand: Māori iwi from north Taranaki and the Chatham Islands - [Kababish](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/kababish), Sudan: Camel-herding nomads of northern Kordofan, Sudan - [Bituriges Vivisci](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/bituriges-vivisci), France: A Gallic tribe settled near ancient Bordeaux during Roman times - [Lule Sámi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/lule-sami), Sweden: Sámi group of northern Sweden and Norway, named for the Lule River - [Te Āti Awa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/te-ati-awa), New Zealand: A Māori iwi rooted in Taranaki and Wellington, New Zealand - [Ngāti Awa](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngati-awa), New Zealand: A Māori iwi of the eastern Bay of Plenty, New Zealand - [Yugambeh](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/yugambeh), Australia: Aboriginal people of South East Queensland and Northern New South Wales - [Waitaha](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/waitaha), New Zealand: An early Māori iwi of New Zealand's South Island, now part of Ngāi Tahu - [Te Aupōuri](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/te-aupouri), New Zealand: Māori iwi of the far north of New Zealand, centred at Te Kao - [Tsembaga Maring](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tsembaga-maring), Papua New Guinea: Horticulturalists of the New Guinea highlands known for ritual pig feasts - [Diyari](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/diyari), Australia: Traditional owners of the Cooper Creek delta in South Australia - [Ngāi Tūhoe](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngai-tuhoe), New Zealand: Māori iwi of Te Urewera, eastern North Island, New Zealand - [Daghaghra](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/daghaghra), Tunisia: A Bedouin tribe of the Tataouine region in southern Tunisia - [Ait Tifnout](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tifnout), Morocco: Amazigh tribe of the Tifnout Valley in Morocco's High Atlas - [Tāmaki Māori](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/tamaki-maori), New Zealand: Māori tribes and sub-tribes with ancestral ties to Auckland (Tāmaki Makaurau) - [Great Lithuanians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/great-lithuanians), Lithuania: Nobles of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, later Polonized in culture and language - [Ngāti Kurī](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngati-kuri), New Zealand: Māori iwi of the far north of New Zealand, with deep ties to Cape Reinga - [Vediantii](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/vediantii), France: Celto-Ligurian tribe of the Mediterranean coast near present-day Nice - [Ngāi Te Rangi](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngai-te-rangi), New Zealand: A Māori iwi of Tauranga and the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand - [Butchulla](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/butchulla), Australia: Traditional custodians of K'gari (Fraser Island) and nearby Queensland coast - [Ngāi Takoto](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/ngai-takoto), New Zealand: A Māori iwi of the far north of New Zealand's North Island - [Drobnjaci](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/drobnjaci), Montenegro: A Serb tribal community from Old Herzegovina, now in Montenegro - [Viturii](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/viturii), Italy: An Iron Age Ligurian tribe of the upper Polcevera valley near Genoa - [Segovii](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/segovii), Italy: An Iron Age Gallic tribe of the Alpes Cottiae - [Fani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/fani), Albania: A Catholic Albanian tribe from the Mirdita region - [Dushmani](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/dushmani), Albania: A former tribal group from northern Albania, known for their strict customary law - [Vironians](https://kabila.cleartrust.cc/p/vironians), Estonia: Early medieval Finnic tribes of northeastern Estonia